中国西南城乡妇女孕前体重及孕期增重评价研究  

Evaluation of pre-pregnancy weight and gestational weight gain among urban and rural women from southwestern China

作　　者：代正燕 李鸣[1] 芮溧[2] 孙晓红[3] 庞学红[1] 周岚[1] 曾果[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院营养食品卫生与毒理学系,成都610041 [2]昆明医学院公共卫生学院营养与食品科学教研室 [3]贵阳医学院公共卫生学院营养与食品科学教研室

出　　处：《卫生研究》2014年第4期546-549,共4页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：达能营养中心膳食营养研究与宣教基金2010年资助项目(No.DIC2010-10)

摘　　要：目的评价中国西南地区城乡妇女孕前体重及孕期增重状况。方法采用分层随机整群抽样法选取昆明、贵阳和成都地区城乡3391名6～24月龄婴幼儿母亲为研究对象，通过问卷调查收集其孕前身高、孕前体重、产前体重及孕龄等信息，依据WHO成人BMI分类标准和美国IOM孕期增重推荐值（2009）评价孕前体重和孕期增重。结果孕前BMI平均为（20．3±2．4），孕前体重正常、消瘦和超重肥胖率分别为72．7％、24．1％和3．2％。孕期增重平均为（14．9±6．0）kg，城市（16．2±5．9）kg高于农村（13．5±5．7）kg（P〈0．05）；孕期增重适宜、不足和过多率分别为35．3％、31．1％和33．3％；孕期增重过多率城市（40．9％）高于农村（26．1％）（P〈0．05）；孕期增重不足率农村（41．4％）高于城市（20．9％）（P〈0．05）；23岁以下年龄组孕期增重不足率较高，24～34岁年龄组孕期增重过多率较高。结论中国西南城乡妇女孕前体重不足和孕期增重问题非常突出。Objective To evaluate the situation gestational weight gain （GWG） of women in the urban of pre-pregnancy weight and and rural areas of southwest of China. Methods Total 3391 women whose infants and young children aged 6 - 24 months were selected from urban and rural areas of Kunming, Guiyang and Chengdu cities by stratified cluster random sampling. Data of pre-pregnancy height and weight, prenatal weight and pregnancy age for subjects was obtained using a questionnaire. Pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG were calculated. According to the BMI standard for adults from WHO and GWG Guidelines from IOM （2009） , the status of pre-pregnancy weight and GWG were assessed. Results Average BMI of pre-pregnancy for them is （20.3 ±2.4）. Percentage of normal weight, underweight, and overweight/obesity of pre-pregnancy were72.7% , 24. 1% and 3.2% respectively. The average GWG was（ 14.9±6.0）kg, and there was a significant difference between urban and rural group （P 〈 0.05 ）. Percentage of normal, insufficient and excessive GWG were 35.3% , 31.1% and 33.3% respectively. The rate of excessive GWG in urban group was higher than rural group （ P 〈 0.05 ） , but the rate of insufficient GWG was lower （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The rate of insufficient GWG was higher in women aged below 23 years old （P 〈 0.05 ） , and the rate of excessive GWG was higher in women aged 24 -34 years old （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion It should be pay more attention to improve the underweight of pre-pregnancy and abnormal GWG among women in the southwest of China.

关 键 词：孕前体重 孕期增重 BMI 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学] R173[医药卫生—临床医学]