深圳市母乳营养水平及影响因素的评估  

Evaluation of nutrient level and its factors of breast milk in Shenzhen City

作　　者：李瑞园[1] 齐辰[2] 姜杰[1] 张慧敏[1] 李胜浓[1] 林凯[1] 蒋友胜[1] 周健[1] 林晓仕[1] 张建清[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,深圳518055 [2]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院

出　　处：《卫生研究》2014年第4期550-555,561,共7页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家科技部863项目(No.2011AA060605);深圳市科技计划重点项目(No.201101016);深圳市科创委项目(No.JCYJ20130329103949643)

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市当地母乳脂肪及Ca、K、Na、Mg、Fe和Zn六种营养元素的含量，分析其可能的影响因素，从而评价该地婴儿的营养状况水平。方法于2011-2013年收集深圳市罗湖区、龙岗区、南山区产后1～2个月产妇的母乳样品共235份，采用索式抽提测定脂肪含量，采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）测定母乳中常量元素Ca、K、Na、Mg、Fe和Zn的含量。结果深圳市母乳中脂肪平均含量为3．73g／100ml，Ca、K、Na、Mg、Fe和Zn六种营养元素的平均含量分别为296．55、531．45、188．96、28．23、0．27和2．36mg／L。结论深圳市母乳中Ca、K元素含量均值均在wHO提供的参考范围内，但Fe和Mg含量相对略低，Na和zn含量则略高于参考值范围。市内不同区域间母乳营养水平无明显差异，但与其他地区和国家相比有显著性差异。深圳地区婴儿的Zn元素摄入量达到中国营养学会发布的每日推荐摄入量（BNI）标准，但婴儿的Ca、K、Na、Mg、Fe摄入量均低于中国营养学会发布的每日营养元素适宜摄入量（AI）。Objective To investigate the nutrient level for Fat and Nutrient Elements （Ca, K, Na, Mg, Fe and Zn） in Breast Milk and its factors in Shenzhen, China. Eventually we can evaluate the nutrient study for local infants and provide a more reasonable basis for infants breast - feeding. Methods . 235 breast milk （1 - 2 months postpartum） samples were collected in three districts of Shenzhen during the year of 2011 to 2013. Fat content was analyzed by Soxlet Extraction System, and elements contents were determined by ICP - OES. Results The average content of fat was 3.73 g/100ml. The average concentrations of Ca, K, Na, Mg, Fc and Zn in breast milk from Shenzhen were 296.55, 531.45 , 188.96, 28.22, 0.27 and 2.36mg/L, respectively. Conclusion The average contents of fat and elements of Ca, K in the breast milk from Shenzhen were within the reference ranges provided by the World Health Organization （WHO）.However, the levels for element of Fe and Mg were much lower than the reference ranges, and the levels for Na and Zn were relative higher when compared with the standard. No significant difference in six nutrients among three districts in Shenzhen were found, however, the significant difference in each element was found compared with that from other cities or countries. Furthermore Zinc daily intake for local infant reached the level of recommended nutrient intake （ RNI）, however other nutrients were under the adequate intake level （AI） which was set by Chinese nutrition society （CNS）.

关 键 词：母乳 营养元素 婴儿 摄入量 电感耦合等离子体光谱仪(ICP-OES) 

分 类 号：R153[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R174.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]