视觉特征捆绑:基于时间邻近还是基于相同空间位置?  

Visual Feature Binding: Based on Temporal Synchronization or Same Spatial Location

作　　者：刘志华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学公共管理学院,广州510006

出　　处：《心理科学》2014年第4期816-822,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31271085)的资助

摘　　要：通过操纵客体呈现的空间位置和时间顺序,来考察视觉特征捆绑是基于相同空间位置线索还是基于时间邻近线索。在两个实验中,给被试在固定的注视点位置(固定呈现条件)或在注视点上/下位置(变换呈现条件)快速地系列呈现刺激,记录靶子前后各两个时间位置(-2、-1、+1、+2)的错觉性结合(IC)率。结果发现,在固定呈现条件下,IC更多地出现在-1和+1的时间位置上;而在变换呈现条件下,错觉性结合更多地出现在-2和+2时间位置上。为了进一步排除特定实验范式的影响,在实验3中,我们采用特征分离范式,使被分离的刺激特征同时呈现在相同(相同位置同步)或不同(不同位置同步)的空间位置上。结果表明,这两种条件下的IC率无显著差异,这说明错觉性结合不受时间同步模式的影响。综上所述,来自三个实验的结果表明,时间范围内的特征捆绑机制是按空间位置,而不是按时间邻近,线索进行的:若特征的空间位置相同,时间邻近的特征才被捆绑起来;若空间位置不同,即使时间邻近的特征也不能被捆绑到一起。Attention plays an important regulatory role in the visual feature binding~ There are two possible ways in which attentionbinds suitable features together. Firstly, through paying attention to spatial location, features on the same location are bound. Namely,spatial location serves as binding clues. Secondly, attention binds different features according to temporal synchronization of featuresfrom the same object Namely, binding is based on the temporal synchronization or adjacency. This study explored the mechanism of attention in feature binding which was based on temporal synchronization or spatial location.Two paradigms, rapid serial visual presentation （RSVP） and feature dissociation, were used to artificially mimic a condition of temporalsynchronization Three experiments were designed in this study~ Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 used the RSVP paradigm, and theyheld two experiment conditions, fixing presentation and changing presentation In the former condition, 4 distractors and 1 target wererapidly presented on the location of fixation point in turn, and then to observe temporal binding effects on the same location. In the lattercondition, distractors and target appeared alternately above and below fixation point, and then to explore temporal binding effects on adifferent location. Dependent variables are illusory conjunction （IC） of target＇s color. The main results were as follows no matter whatthe distance between target and distractors, in the fixing presentation conditions, the color IC was more likely to take place in temporaladjacent events, t（34） = 81.23 ,p 〈. 0001. In the changing presentation conditions, the color IC was more from the same location e-vents, t （34） = - 17.29 ,p 〈. 0001, which revealed that features from the same location were more easily combined than temporal adja-cent features, F（1,34） = 142. 1 ,p 〈. 001. Experiment 3 used the feature dissociation paradigm and artificially separated attributes（ letter and frame color） of objects on different locati

关 键 词：特征捆绑 错觉性结合 时间邻近 空间位置 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]