两种任务下情绪韵律的加工进程  

Emotional Prosody Processing under Two Tasks

作　　者：黄贤军[1] 张伟欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学心理系,北京100048

出　　处：《心理科学》2014年第4期851-856,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年基金项目(09YJCLX021);高等学校博士学科点专项基金(20101108120005);国家自然科学基金项目(31100816)的资助

摘　　要：采用ERP技术分别考察了情绪判断和性别判断任务下情绪韵律的加工进程。结果显示在175～275ms时间段，情绪韵律的加工受实验任务的调节，情绪判断任务下存在效价主效应及负性偏向，愤怒比高兴和中性诱发了更正的P2成分，而性别判断任务则无效价效应。在后期评价加工及反应准备阶段（400～800ms），两种任务下，愤怒都比高兴和中性诱发了更正的晚成分。上述结果说明，不同情绪韵律的识别存在不同的认知机制，并在一定程度上会受加工任务的调节。Emotion plays a very important role in daily life of human beings. One of its most useful functions is to elicit full prepara-tions for adaptive reactions. However, developing effective behavioral strategies needs successful and effective encoding of emotionalstimuli. There have been many studies on the emotion - processing of visual channel stimulus, such as facial expression, emotional pic-tures and so on. Studies on emotional speech processing are relatively few. In addition, whether processing of emotional prosody can bemodulated by selective attention is still controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the neural mechanism of emotional prosodyprocessing and what roles can the experimental task play in it. Two experiments were carried out using both event - related potentials （ ERPs ） and behavioral measures. In Experiment 1, thetask was identification of emotion in the speech and in Experiment 2, the task was gender identification of the speakers. Three kinds ofemotional stimuli, i. e. , happy, neutral and anger prosody were used in both experiments, which were produced by two professionalspeakers, a male and a female news broadcaster. 23 college students and postgraduates participated in the first experiment ; the other 25participated in the second. Behavioral results showed that identification of emotional stimulus was faster than neutral stimulus in both ex-periments. And there was a negative bias of valence effect, reaction to anger stimuli was faster than to happy stimuli. ERP resultsshowed that （ 1 ） in 175 - 275ms, which is the time window of P2 component, emotional prosody processing was modulated by experi-ment tasks. In the first experiment of the emotion identification task, there was a valence effect and negative bias, and anger emotion e-voked more positive P2 component, but in the second experiment of the gender identification task, no valence effect was found. （ 2 ） Inthe late stage of evaluation processing and response preparation, anger stimuli evoked more positive wa

关 键 词：情绪韵律 效价 性别 事件相关电位P2 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]