适碘地区成人、儿童和孕妇碘营养状况调查  

Iodine nutrition in adults,children and pregnant women in iodine-sufficient area

作　　者：李萌[1] 桑仲娜[1] 沈钧[2] 陈雯[1] 魏薇[1] 张桂芹[1] 张万起[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室,天津300070 [2]天津医科大学公共卫生学院卫生化学教研室

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2014年第8期1060-1062,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30972465;81273057)

摘　　要：目的了解自1996年全民食盐加碘政策实行以来,中国适碘地区成人、学龄儿童和孕妇的碘营养状况及特征。方法采用横断面调查方法,选择河北省沧州市海兴县348名成人与150名学龄儿童及天津市174名孕晚期孕妇作为研究对象,测定成人、学龄儿童和孕妇空腹晨尿的尿碘水平及分布特征。结果适碘地区成人、学龄儿童和孕妇尿碘中位数分别为185.20、123.13和217.06μg/L,均为碘摄入适宜水平;适碘地区62.07%成人、68.67%儿童和63.22%孕妇碘营养状况处于富足水平,但仍有12.93%成人、22.00%儿童与27.59%孕妇为碘缺乏状态,不同人群尿碘水平分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.738,P<0.05)。结论 3种人群的碘营养状况适宜,但学龄儿童和孕妇出现了一定程度的碘缺乏,适碘地区特殊人群碘缺乏问题不容忽视。Objective To investigate iodine nutritional status and characteristics among adults, school-age children and pregnant women in iodine-sufficient areas in China since the implementation of Universal Salt Iodization（USI） in 1996. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. Fasting urinary iodine among 348 adults and 150 school-age children from Haixing county,Hebei province and 174 pregnant women from Tianjin were measured with As3＋ -Ce4＋ catalytic spectrophotometry. Urinary iodine content and distribution trend of urinary iodine among the adults, children and pregnant women were determined and described. Results The median urinary iodine for the adults, school-age children and pregnant women in iodine-sufficient area were 185.20 μg/L, 123. 1μg/L, and 217.06 μg/L, all at the level of adequate iodine intake. Most of the adults （62. 07% ）, school-age children（ 68.67 % ）, and pregnant women （63.22%） were in the status of iodine sufficiency, while some of the adults （ 12. 93% ）, school-age children （ 22. 00% ）, and pregnant women（ 27.59% ） were in the status of iodine deficiency. There were statistically significant differences in the urinary iodine level between 3 different groups of the participants （χ2 = 33. 738, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The results demonstrate that current iodine nutritional status is basically adequate in 3 groups of people in iodine-sufficient area. However, the prevalence of iodine deficiency in school-age children and pregnant women suggests the risk of iodine deficiency in iodine-sufficient area. Scientific supplementation of iodine and routine investigations on iodine nutrition should be conducted to assure adequate iodine intakes for different groups of people.

关 键 词：碘营养 尿碘 成人 儿童 孕妇 

分 类 号：R153[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]