基于GIS和遥感技术的矿业集中区生态环境变化研究  

Research on ecological environment change in mining concentrated area based on GIS and RS

作　　者：谢洪斌[1,2] 杨雪[1,2] 谭德军[1,2] 罗真富[1,2] 曾琳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]外生成矿与矿山环境重庆市重点实验室(重庆地质矿产研究院),重庆400042 [2]煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室重庆研究中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第3期388-394,共7页Journal of Henan Polytechnic University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国土资源公益性行业科研专项(200911036);重庆市国土房管局科技支撑项目(2011-13)

摘　　要：为了掌握矿业开发对生态环境变化的影响,以2004年和2010年两期多源数据为基础,选择"压力-状态-响应"模型构建了矿集区生态环境评价指标体系,利用GIS和遥感技术展开了环境因子提取;通过德尔菲法计算的因子权重进行多因子叠加分析,对万盛矿集区生态环境状况进行评价.两期监测数据对比表明,研究区的土地资源、水资源、地质环境受到了破坏,且污染范围也有所扩大,其空间分布情况与矿业活动范围高度相关;区内生态环境指数偏低,在监测时段内大部分区域环境变化程度不明显,但整体有进一步恶化趋势;地灾发生区、采空区和环境恢复治理区环境变化情况显著.To find out the influence of mining on environmental change, this paper chose a ＂ Pressure-State- Response＂ model to establish a mining concentrated evaluation index system of ecological environment, based on two periods＇ multi-source data in the year of 2004 and 2010. After some environment factors extracted by GIS and remote sensing technology, the ecological and environmental quality has been evaluated in Wansheng mining concentrated area by a weighted overlay analysis muhifactor, the weights of which were from Delphi method. The two periods＇monitor results showed that： the lands, waters, geological environment in study area have been destroyed, and the polluted areas have somewhat expanded, highly relevant to mining activities; the ecological index was in low quality; the most of the area had no obvious change in the monitoring time, but there was a further deterioration trend overall, and the regions of geological disaster, goaf, ecology restoration have a significant change.

关 键 词：矿业集中区 多源数据 生态环境 “压力-状态-响应”模型 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]