太子河流域地表水和地下水硝酸盐污染特征及来源分析  

Characteristics and potential sources of nitrate pollution in surface water and groundwater systems in Taizihe River Basin

作　　者：张亚丽[1,2,3] 张依章[2] 张远[2] 刘相超[3] 马淑芹[2] 唐常源[4] 刘思思[2] 孙丽慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省江南产业集中区管委会,池州247100 [2]中国环境科学研究院流域水生态保护技术研究室/环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]重庆交通大学河海学院,重庆400074 [4]中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510275

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2014年第8期980-986,共7页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41203081);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(GYK1291101);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-001-02)资助

摘　　要：地下水作为一种主要的饮用水和重要农业用水水源, 其环境质量状况关乎人类健康、粮食安全与生态可持续发展。本研究对太子河流域地表水、地下水的O3--N污染状况进行了调查, 并结合水化学与NO3^- -N同位素对其来源进行了分析, 探讨太子河流域地下水的水化学特征和硝酸盐污染状况, 为理解该区域地下水的水化学组成特点和开展水环境质量评价提供理论依据。结果表明, 太子河流域地表水氮主要以NO3^--N的形式存在, 占总氮78.38%, 浓度为0.75-6.40 mg·L^-1, 从上游到下游其含量变化趋势为先上升后下降, 在S6采样点达到最高值6.40 mg·L^-1; 地表水中NO2--N所占比例仅为0.78%, 且沿河流变化较小; 由于施用化肥肥料和有机氮的矿化作用, 下游地表水C1-浓度和NH4＋含量增高。太子河流域地下水NO3^-N浓度普遍高于地表水, NO3^--N浓度为0.57-55.78 mg·L^-1, 平均20.26 mg·L^-1; NO3^--N浓度为0-0.04 mg·L^-1，平均0.017 mg·L^-1。太子河流域地下水的NO2-和NO2-污染状况较重。NO3^--N同位素结果显示, 地表水的δ^15N为-0.74‰-13.27‰; 上游NO3^--N主要来源于土壤有机氮矿化, 中下游受农业化肥和人畜粪便共同影响。地下水δ^15N为5.7‰-17.5‰, 受人类活动影响较大, 人畜粪便堆肥和农业化肥的渗漏是主要影响因素。As one of the main sources of drinking water and important irrigation water for agriculture, groundwater quality influences not only human health but also food security and ecological sustainability. This study attempted to lay the scientific basis for understanding nitrate pollution and groundwater quality evaluation. The study analyzed the composition of ions and concentration of nitrate in surface water and groundwater systems in Taizihe River Basin in the Northeast China. To assess nitrate pollution and identify the potential sources, surface water and groundwater samples were collected in Taizihe River Basin and the ions composition characteristics and nitrate isotopes in the groundwater samples analyzed. The results showed that nitrate was the dominant form of nitrogen pollution, accounting for 78.38% of total nitrogen concentration, with concentration range of 0.75-6.40 mg·L^-1 in surface water systems in Taizihe River Basin. The NO2--N was 0.78% of total nitrogen, with concentration range of 0-0.93 mg·L^-1 in surface water respectively. The concentration of NO3^--N increased from upstream to midstream regions in the basin and the highest value （6.40 mg·L^-1） occurred at site S6, from where it declined gradually along the course of the river. However, NO2--N showed less change along the river. Because of extensive use of chemical fertilizers and intensive mineralization of organic nitrogen, the concentration of Cl- and NH4＋ increased in the downstream regions. The concentration of NO3^- in groundwater was generally higher than that in surface water systems. The average concentration of NO3^- in groundwater was 20.26 mg·L^-1, suggesting that a severe NO3^- pollution existed in the groundwater systems in Taizi River Basin. A wide range of studies has used isotropy to trace nitrate pollution sources in aquatic environment. Analysis of environmental isotopes in the study area showed that δ^15N was in the range of -0.74‰-13.27‰ in surface water systems in Taizihe River Basin. Based on the results

关 键 词：太子河流域 地表水 地下水 硝酸盐污染 离子组成 δ^15N 污染源 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]