HIV阳性美沙酮维持治疗者新型毒品使用情况及其影响因素分析  

Club-based drug use and its associated risk factors among HIV-positive methadone maintenance treatment clients

作　　者：姜海波[1,2] 曹晓斌[2] 王常合[2] 罗巍[2] 柔克明[2] 李建华[3] 张波[3] 吴尊友[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院,合肥230032 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心 [3]云南省药物依赖防治研究所

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2014年第8期905-908,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技重大专项（2012ZX10001007-002）;中国艾滋病/结核病多学科研究培训项目（5U2RTW006918）

摘　　要：目的 了解HIV阳性美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）者新型毒品使用情况及其影响因素.方法 在云南省瑞丽、芒市、文山、蒙自、个旧5个MMT门诊选取612名HIV阳性服药人员进行尿液吗啡、甲基苯丙胺、亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺、丁丙诺啡、苯二氮卓类检测和问卷调查,收集一般情况、新型毒品使用情况等信息.结果 612名调查对象平均年龄（38.9±6.3）岁,78.9％为男性,平均受教育年限（8.0±3.4）年,60.5％与家人关系好,25.0％自报近一年使用过新型毒品.尿检结果显示：吗啡阳性率为14.4％,新型毒品阳性率为26.6％.所在地区、有无临时性伴、是否脱失过MMT、是否偷吸海洛因对新型毒品使用和尿检结果的影响均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 HIV阳性MMT者中使用新型毒品的现象普遍.应加强新型毒品使用的监督、检测及相关高危行为干预.Objective To describe club-based drug use and to explore the determinants on those HIV-positive methadone maintenance treatment （MMT） clients.Methods This study was conducted in 5 MMT clinics in Yunnan province and 612 MMT clients who met the survey criteria were recruited for the study.Urine sample was tested as a biological marker to identify if heroin,methamphetamine,methylene-dioxy-methyl-amphetamine,buprenorphine or benzodiazepine had been used.Results The average age among the 612 clients was 38.9 ± 6.3 years.Among these,78.9% were males,with the average years of education as 8.0± 3.4 years.There were 60.5% clients who had good relationship with their families.153 （25.0%） clients reported having used club-related drugs in the last 12 months.Results from the urine test showed that the positive rate on morphine was 14.4%,while the positive rate for club-related drugs was 26.6%.Factors as residential area,casual sexual partners,retention on MMT and occasionally use of heroin were associated with urine results on club-related drugs and the prevalence of self-reported club drug use （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Club-related drug use was common among HIV-positive MMT clients.Inspection and supervision for club-related drugs and the education and intervention programs on related high risk behaviors should be strengthened.

关 键 词：美沙酮维持治疗 新型毒品 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.64[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]