从道义逻辑看“是”与“应该是”的关系  

On the Relationship between “to be”and “Ought to be” from Deontic Logic View

作　　者：万小龙[1] 李福勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学哲学系,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第3期32-36,共5页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：华中科技大学人文重大项目和哲学自主创新项目(教育部国库专项2012;2013)

摘　　要：休谟所提出的"是"与"应当"(ought to)问题其实是"是"与"应当是"的关系问题,其中包括两个问题:事实判断如何与价值判断相推,实然判断如何与应然判断相推。如果认为应当即必然有价值,允许即可能有价值,这样虽然"是"与"应当是"不能直接相推,但"A是应当的"可以推出"A是有价值的"可以推出"A是允许的"。Hume ’ s“is” and “ought to” question is about the relationship between “to be” and “ought to be” which includes two questions：how to infer judgments in facts and judgments in value , and how to infer to be judgment and ought to be judgment .“Ought to be” is thought to “be necessarily valuable”,“permit” is“possibly valuable”, thus, although such a “to be” and “ought to be” can not be directly inferred with each other,“A ought to be” can infer “A is valuable”, and“A is valuable” can infer “A is permissible .”

关 键 词：“是”与“应当是” 事实判断与价值判断 实然判断与应然判断 应当即必然有价值 

分 类 号：B82-02[哲学宗教—伦理学]