耕作方式和氮肥对稻田CH_4排放的影响及与土壤还原物质间的关系  

Effect of tillage pattern & nitrogen fertilizer on CH_4 emission from rice fields and relationship with reducing substance in soil

作　　者：郑土英[1,2] 杨彩玲[1] 徐世宏 江立庚[1] 汪妮娜[1] 张玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学作物栽培学与耕作学重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [2]湛江一中培才学校,广东湛江524000 [3]广西农业技术推广站,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2014年第13期49-53,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科学基金重点项目(0991010Z);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西水稻创新团队专项经费

摘　　要：探讨不同耕作方式下氮肥调节对稻田CH4排放及与土壤还原物质间的关系。通过田间试验研究水稻在常耕与免耕2种耕作方式、3种施氮量(N0、N1、N2)和2种施氮方式(F1、F2)条件下,稻田CH4排放的动态变化规律。结果表明:各处理CH4排放通量均呈双峰曲线变化规律,峰期分别出现在分蘖期和抽穗期,拔节前稻田CH4排放占水稻全生育期排放量的75.12%。免耕能显著降低稻田CH4排放,氮肥极显著地促进稻田CH4排放。重施基蘖肥有利于降低免耕稻田CH4的排放,重施穗肥有利于降低常耕稻田CH4的排放。耕作方式和施氮方式对稻田CH4排放的互作效应显著,其中免耕和重基蘖肥搭配能极显著降低稻田CH4排放。耕作方式和氮肥调节对稻田CH4排放的影响与稻田土壤还原物质总量、活性还原物质量及Fe2+含量的变化密切相关。In order to explore the effect of fertilizer regulation under different tillage on CH4 emission from rice fields and relationship with reducing substance in soil, though a field experiment, this paper studied the change of CH4 emission under two kinds of farming methods （conventional tillage and no-tillage） and three kinds of N levels （NO, N1, N2）, and two nitrogen application methods （F1, F2） conditions. The results showed that the CH4 emission of each treatment generally appeared bimodal patterned, with a peak in the tillering stage and booting heading stage. CH4 emission accounted for emission in paddy rice in the whole growth period of 75.12% before jointing. No tillage could significantly reduce the CH4 emission from paddy field. Nitrogen fertilization significantly promoted CH4 emission from paddy field. Heavy based fertilizer was beneficial to reduce CH4 emission from no tillage paddy field. Heavy panicle fertilizer was beneficial to reduce CH4 emission from conventional tillage paddy soil. The interaction effect of tillage and nitrogen application methods reached extremely significantl level. The collocation of no tillage and field heavy based fertilizer could remarkably reduce CH4 emission from paddy soil. The effects of tillage and nitrogen fertilizer on CH4 emission from paddy soil were closely related to the total reducing substance, active reduction matter and the content of Fe^2＋ from paddy soil.

关 键 词：稻田甲烷 耕作方式 氮肥 土壤还原物质 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]