人参根际土壤中拮抗人参病害微生物的筛选  

Screening antagonistic microorganisms against ginseng diseases from Panax ginseng rhizosphere soil

作　　者：强薇[1] 郭帅[1] 张爱华[1] 雷锋杰[1] 匙坤 王壮[1] 王二欢[1] 张连学[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2014年第5期76-81,共6页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31070316;31100239;31200224);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划子课题(2006BA109804-02);国家公益性行业科研专项(201303111);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20110926;20130206030YY)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选对人参主要病原菌拮抗率更高、抑菌谱更广的新菌株生防菌种资源.【方法】稀释平板法分离拮抗菌;平板对峙法筛选拮抗菌.【结果和结论】筛选出对人参单一病原菌有高拮抗活性的放线菌7株,对人参疫病、菌核病、灰霉病、黑斑病、锈腐病、立枯病、根腐病拮抗率分别为80.84%、82.46%、66.08%、71.33%、64.63%、85.53%、65.11%,其中对7大人参病害均有高拮抗活性的菌株有5株,包括1株木霉菌、4株放线菌.研究结果表明,可利用人参根际土壤中的有益菌研究其生防潜力,用于人参主要病害的防治.Objective To expand biocontrol strain resources and screen new strains with a higher antago-nistic rate and a wider inhibiting range to control ginseng diseases .[Method] The antagonistic strains were isolated by dilution plate method and were screened by flat-stand method .[Result and conclusion]Seven actinomycetes strains with higher antagonistic activities to single ginseng pathogen , such as Phyto-phthora cactorum, Sclerotinia schinseng, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria panax, Cylindrocarpon destructans Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani, had been screened , whose inhibition rates were 80.84%, 82.46%, 66.08%, 71.33%, 64.63%, 85.53%and 65.11%, respectively.Five strains, including a strain of Trichoderma and four strains of Actinomyces, had higher antagonistic activities to seven kinds of ginseng pathogens .The results indicate that the beneficial strains in the rhizosphere has a biocontrol po-tential ability of ginseng pathogens and can be used to prevent and cure major diseases of ginseng .

关 键 词：菌株筛选 拮抗菌 人参 病原菌 根际微生物 

分 类 号：S482.292[农业科学—农药学]