基于流感HI抗体水平的学龄前儿童流感病毒感染现状分析  

Analysis of the prevalence of influenza infection among preschool children based on the level of influenza HI antibody

作　　者：黄钟洲[1,2] 梁丽君[1] 曹虹[3] 张欣[1] 黄平[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心广东省应急病原学检测重点实验室,广东广州511430 [2]南方医科大学第二临床医学院,广东广州510515 [3]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院微生物学教研组,广东广州510515

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第16期2940-2942,2946,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家财政转移支付流感项目(2013);广州市科技计划项目(2014J4100084);国家自然科学基金(30972757)资助

摘　　要：目的 了解学龄前儿童pH1N1、H3N2和Bv流感抗体水平，为制定儿童流感防控措施提供依据。方法 随机采集广州市某三甲医院204名学龄前儿童血清，利用血凝抑制方法（HI assay）检测儿童pH1N1、H3N2和Bv型流感抗体；采用SPSS19.0软件分析3个亚型/型别流感抗体阳性率、抗体几何平均滴度（GMT）和无免疫率（No-immunity ratio）。结果 学龄前儿童pH1N1、H3N2和Bv毒株的总体抗体阳性率分别为41.7%、80.4%和36.3%，无免疫率分别为40.2%、4.9%和31.4%；其中H3N2抗体阳性率最高；pH1N1无免疫率最高。＞2岁年龄组的3种流感抗体阳性率均最高，＞2岁年龄组与0～2岁年龄组之间的3种抗体水平差异有统计学意义；患有基础疾病儿童３种抗体水平均较一般儿童略高。结论 学龄前儿童对于pH1N1及Bv流感毒株易感性较高，对H3N2毒株多有特异性免疫抗体；6月～2岁儿童以及有基础疾病的儿童为pH1N1型流感的重点防控人群。Objective The study aimed to assess the levels of pH1N1, H3N2, and Bv antibodies among preschool children, so to provide a reference for the development of effective preventive and control measures against influenza in young children. Methods 204 preschool children were randomly selected from an AAA hospital in Guangzhou and collected sera for detection of pH1N1, H3N2, and Bv antibodies by hemagglutination inhibition （HI） assays. Positive rate of influenza antibody, geometric mean titer （GMT）, and no-immunity ratio of the three subtypes/types were analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results Overall positive rates of pH1N1, H3N2, and Bv antibodies among the preschool children were 41.7%, 80.4%, and 36.3%, respectively; and no-immunity ratios were 40.2%, 4.9%, and 31.4%, respectively. The highest was the positive rate of H3N2 antibody and the no-immunity ratio of pH1N1. The positive rates of the three influenza antibodies were the highest in children over the age of 2, and the difference in the antibody levels were statistically significant between children over the age of 2 and those between 0-2. The levels of the three antibodies were high among children with underlying diseases than those among normal children. Conclusion Preschool children are more susceptible to infection with pH1N1 and Bv virulent influenza strains and possess specific immune antibodies against H3N2. The prevention and control of pH1N1 influenza should be focused on children between 6 months and 2 years old and those with underlying diseases.

关 键 词：流感 血清阳性率 pH1N1 H3N2 B type 血凝抑制 学龄前儿童 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]