supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3500804 and 2023YFC2307500 to Y.L.and Y.B.);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(32261133524 and 32425053 to Y.B.);the Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases(BJRID2025-007 to Y.B.);the CAS Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute(151C53KYSB20210023 to Y.B.);the Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory(GZNL2023A01001 to Y.B.);the National Science and Technology Infrastructure of China(National Pathogen Resource Center-NPRC-32 to Y.B.);the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-086 to Y.B.);the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Y2021034 to Y.B.);the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202208 to Y.B.);the Russian Science Foundation(23-44-00026 to M.G.and A.S.).
Seasonal influenza activity significantly decreased in China during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,yet the H3N2 virus led to three epidemic waves.Understanding the characteristics of H3N2 epidemic viru...
Background Non-pharmaceutical measures and travel restrictions have halted the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and influenza.Nonetheless,with COVID-19 restrictions lifted,an unanticipated outbreak of the i...