内科门诊慢性病患者焦虑抑郁特点及其与应对方式、领悟社会支持的关系  

Characteristics of Anxiety and Depression of Outpatients in Internal Departments and Its Correlations with Coping Styles and Perceived Social Support

作　　者：韩桐师[1] 万憬[1] 徐珀[1] 吕静[2] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所附属医院 [2]中国人民解放军总医院医学心理科,北京100853

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2014年第9期1321-1323,共3页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的分析内科门诊慢性病患者焦虑抑郁的特点及其与医学应对方式、领悟社会支持的关系,为构建门诊患者心理服务平台提供参考。方法应用医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)、医学应对问卷(MCMQ)和领悟社会支持问卷(PSSS)对135名门诊内科慢性病患者进行调查。结果 1对不同性别患者进行对比分析发现,女性患者焦虑和抑郁得分显著高于男性患者(t=7.88,P<0.01);2按HADS的8分为划界分数,对比不同性别焦虑、抑郁患者的个数,结果发现女性焦虑的比例显著高于男性(χ2=5.55,P<0.05),抑郁的比例没有显著差异;3对所患疾病数量不同进行分组对比,发现患有两种或两种以下疾病的患者焦虑得分显著高于患有两种以上疾病的患者(t=10.37,P<0.01),而抑郁得分显著低于患有两种以上疾病的患者(t=3.78,P<0.05);4焦虑、抑郁与医学应对及领悟社会支持的相关分析发现,焦虑和抑郁与"面对"的应对方式和领悟社会支持具有显著负相关,与"逃避"、"屈服"的应对方式具有显著正相关。结论门诊内科慢性病患者心理状况值得关注,医生协助患者理解疾病症状,并让患者感受到医生对其疾病的关注,可以缓减患者的负性情绪,有利于维持和谐的医患关系。Objective To analyze the status of anxiety and depression ,and their correlations with medical coping modes and per-ceived social support of outpatients in internal departments ,provide evidence for founding outpatients＇psychological service center .Meth-ods 135 outpatients of internal departments were investigated by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale （ HADS ） , Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire（MCMQ）,and Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS）.135 valid data was collected,including 73 from male and 62 from female,with average age of 38.9 ±5.7.Results ①Female had significantly higher scores on anxiety and depression than male （P〈0.01）.②Making 8 as the cutoff score,female had significantly higher proportion than male in anxiety （P〈0.05）,but the difference was not significant in depression .③Patients with two or less illnesses had significantly higher scores than patients with more than two ill -nesses（P〈0.01）,and had significantly lower scores than patients with more than two illnesses （P〈0.05）.④Correlation study found that anxiety and depression had significantly negative correlations with ＂confrontation＂coping mode and perceived social support , and significantly positive correlations with ＂avoidance＂and ＂resignation＂.Conclusion Psychological status of outpatients of internal departments should be paid attention to .Doctors can ease the negative emotions of outpatients and build good cooperation with outpatients by helping them understand the process of illnesses and letting them feel getting focus on their illnesses .

关 键 词：门诊患者 焦虑 抑郁 医学应对 领悟社会支持 

分 类 号：R749.92[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]