微生物发酵饲料对泌乳奶牛生产性能和饲粮养分表观消化率的影响  

Microbiology Fermented Feed: Effects on Performance and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Lactating Dairy Cows

作　　者：吴小燕[1,2] 郭春华[1] 王之盛[2] 彭忠利[1] 柏雪[1] 李勇 邹华围[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院,成都610041 [2]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,雅安625014 [3]成都菊乐生态养殖有限公司,成都610041

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第8期2296-2302,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划"利用食品工业废弃物生产微生态功能饲料的研究与产业化示范"(2011GZ0253)

摘　　要：本文旨在研究微生物发酵饲料对泌乳奶牛产奶量、乳品质以及饲粮养分表观消化率的影响。选用210头产奶量及体况相近的荷斯坦黑白花奶牛,随机分为对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组,每组70头牛。对照组饲喂原场全混合日粮,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组分别用1和2 kg微生物发酵饲料等质量替代原基础精料,预试期10 d,正试期24 d,每天记录每头牛的产奶量,取样测定各组乳成分和饲粮养分的表观消化率。结果表明:1)试验Ⅰ组(替代1 kg精料)和试验Ⅱ组(替代2 kg精料)全期产奶量分别比对照组高出3.42%(P<0.05)和4.40%(P<0.05)。2)试验Ⅱ组各乳成分含量及乳密度都显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组的乳蛋白、乳脂肪和乳糖含量分别比试验Ⅰ组高出3.11%(P<0.05)、6.71%(P<0.05)和2.92%(P<0.05)。3)试验Ⅱ组饲粮各养分的表观消化率都显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组的干物质、粗蛋白质和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上,适当水平的微生物发酵饲料能提高泌乳奶牛的产奶量和饲粮各养分的表观消化率、改善乳品质。微生物发酵饲料替代2 kg原基础精料的效果优于替代1 kg原基础精料。The objective of this paper was to investigate the effects of microbiology fermented feed on milk yield,milk quality and nutrient apparent digestibility of Holstein Friesian dairy cows. Two hundred and ten lac-tating dairy cows with similar milk yield and body condition were randomly divided into control group,groupⅠ and group Ⅱ,and seventy cows were in each group. Control group was fed with total mixed ration of the farm（ basal diet）,groupⅠand groupⅡwere fed with diets replaced 1 and 2 kg the concentrate in basal diet with equal quality of microbiology fermented feed,respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 10 pre-feeding days and 24 trial days. Milk yield,milk composition and apparent digestibility of nutrients were determined. The re-sults showed as follows：1）during of this trial,the milk yield in whole period of group Ⅰ（ replaced 1 kg） and group Ⅱ（ replaced 2 kg）were increased by 3.42%（ P〈0.05）and 4.40%（ P〈0.05）than that of control group,respectively. 2）Group Ⅱ had better milk composition and density than control group（ P〈0.05）. Milk protein,milk fat and lactose contents of group Ⅱ were increased by 3.11%（ P〈0.05）,6.71%（ P〈0.05）and 2.92%（P〈0.05）compared with groupⅠ. 3）The nutrient apparent digestibility of groupⅡwas significantly higher than that of control group（ P〈0.05）,and the apparent digestibility of dry matter,（ crude protein and acid detergent fiber of group Ⅰ was higher than that of control group（ P〈0.05）. In conclusion,the appropri-ate microbiology fermented feed level can enhance milk yield and nutrient apparent digestibility and improve milk quality. Replacing concentrate with 2 kg microbiology fermented feed in dairy cows is better than that with 1kg.

关 键 词：微生物发酵饲料 泌乳奶牛 产奶量 乳品质 表观消化率 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]