3种类胡萝卜素源对中华绒螯蟹体色改善效果的比较研究  

Comparation of the Improvement Effect on Body Colour of Chinese Mitten Crab Caused by Three Carotenoid Sources

作　　者：龚志[1] 伊淑平 孔丽[1] 蔡春芳[1] 叶元土[1] 沈建明 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学基础医学与生物科学学院,苏州215123 [2]苏州市阳澄湖国家现代农业示范区发展有限公司,苏州215141

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第8期2408-2413,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31272671);江苏省水产三项工程项目(PJ2011-63;16);江苏省教委成果转化项目(JHB2011-49);2011年六大人才高峰项目

摘　　要：本试验旨在比较不同类胡萝卜素源对中华绒螯蟹体色的改善效果,以期为其品质优化提供参考。配制4种试验饲料,分别为对照饲料及添加2.00%螺旋藻(Spirulina)、0.55%雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)、15%苜蓿粉的饲料,饲料中类胡萝卜素含量依次为6.0、67.2、67.6、49.5 mg/kg。选用初重为(8.9±0.3)g的中华绒螯蟹240只,随机分入16只水族箱,每箱15只。每种饲料投喂4箱蟹,试验期为60 d。结果表明:饲养试验结束时,各组中华绒螯蟹的终末体重、存活率和特定生长率差异不显著(P>0.05)。螺旋藻、雨生红球藻、苜蓿粉组中华绒螯蟹的头胸甲和肝胰腺中类胡萝卜素和虾青素含量均依次升高,且均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。此外,苜蓿粉组头胸甲和肝胰腺中类胡萝卜素和虾青素含量均显著高于螺旋藻组(P<0.05)。由此得出,螺旋藻、雨生红球藻、苜蓿粉均具有改善中华绒螯蟹体色的作用,且以苜蓿粉的效果最好。This study was conducted to compare the improvement effect on body colour of Chinese mitten crab caused by three carotenoid sources,in order to provide a reference for optimizing quality of Chinese mitten crab. Four experimental diets were formulated,including a control diet and three diets in which adding 2.00%Spirulina,0.55% Haematococcus pluvialis and 15.00% alfalfa meal,respectively,and the content of carote-noid in those diets was 6.0,67.2,67.6 and 49.5 mg/kg,accordingly. Two hundred and forty Chinese mitten crabs with the initial body weight of（8.9±0.3）g were stored in 16 tanks with 15 crabs per tank. Each diet fed crabs in 4 tanks for 60 days. The results showed as follows：at the end of the feeding trial,no significant differ-ences were observed in final body weight,survival rate and specific growth rate among all groups（ P〉0.05）. The contents of carotenoid and astaxanthin in both carapace and hepatopancreas were successively increased in Spirulina,Haematococcus pluvialis and alfalfa meal,and were significantly higher than those in control group （ P〈0.05）. Moreover,the contents of carotenoid and astaxanthin in both carapace and hepatopancreas in alfalfa meal group were significantly higher than those in Spirulina group（P〈0.05）. These results indicate that the body colour of Chinese mitten crab can be improved by Spirulina,Haematococcus pluvialis and alfalfa meal, and the alfalfa meal has the best effect.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 类胡萝卜素 虾青素 饲料 体色 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]