不同微生物菌株及其组合处理对玉米秸秆瘤胃降解率的影响  

Effects of Different Microbes and Their Combinations on Rumen Degradation Rate of Corn Stalk

作　　者：张立霞[1] 屠焰[1] 李艳玲[1] 王红梅[1] 刁其玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第8期2433-2444,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：秸秆饲料生物转化技术研究与示范(20120304202)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究7种不同微生物菌株及其组合处理玉米秸秆的效果。选取单菌株(黄孢原毛平革菌、青霉菌)、2菌株(黄孢原毛平革菌+黑曲霉菌、黄孢原毛平革菌+绿色木霉菌)、3菌株(黄孢原毛平革菌+黑曲霉菌+青霉菌、黄孢原毛平革菌+黑曲霉菌+绿色木霉菌)和4菌株(黄孢原毛平革菌+黑曲霉菌+绿色木霉菌+青霉菌)共计7个组合处理玉米秸秆,并设置对照组。利用6只装有瘤胃瘘管的杜×寒F1代杂交羯羊,采用半体内法分别对玉米秸秆的干物质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素、纤维素和半纤维素在0、6、12、24、48、72 h的动态降解率进行测定与分析。结果表明:玉米秸秆经微生物菌株处理,其中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素、纤维素、半纤维素、粗蛋白质的有效降解率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),不同菌株及其组合的处理效果不一致。黄孢原毛平革菌+绿色木霉菌组合的效果优于其他菌株或组合。用合理的微生物组合处理玉米秸秆可以有效提高其利用率。This experiment was aimed to study the effects of corn stalks treated with seven different microbes and their combinations. Corn stalks were fermented with 1 strain（ Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Penicilli-um sp. ）,2 strains（ Phanerochaete chrysosporium＋ Aspergillus niger and Phanerochaete chrysosporium＋ Tri-choderma viride）,3 strains（ Phanerochaete chrysosporium＋Aspergillus niger＋Penicillium sp. and Phanero-chaete chrysosporium＋Aspergillus niger＋Trichoderma viride）or 4 strains（ Phanerochaete chrysosporium＋As-pergillus niger＋Trichoderma viride＋Penicillium sp. ）of microorganisms（ seven combinations in total）,and six Dorper×Thin-tailed crossbred castrated sheep F1 were used. In situ method was applied to measure the dynamic rumen degradation rate of dry matter,organic matter,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,acid deter-gent lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose at 0,6,12,24,48 and 72 h. The results showed that microbes im-proved the effective degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,acid detergent lignin,cel-lulose,hemicellulose,and crude protein of corn stalks（ P〈0.05）. The effects of different microbes and their combinations were inconsistent. The combination of Phaerochaete chrysosporium＋Trichoderma viride is superi-or to other strains or combinations. The utilization efficiency of corn stalks can be improved by using certain combination of microbes.

关 键 词：微生物处理 玉米秸秆 瘤胃降解率 营养价值 肉羊 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]