东北粘虫春季空中虫群的迁飞行为  

The spring migration behavior of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata,in northeastern China

作　　者：高月波[1] 孙雅杰[1] 张强[1] 孙嵬[1] 周佳春[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所农业部东北作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,公主岭136100

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2014年第4期906-913,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403031);吉林省农业科技创新工程重大产业技术领域关键技术研究项目

摘　　要：【目的】研究春季迁飞粘虫Mythimna separata(Walker)空中虫群的聚集成层和共同定向等飞行行为。【方法】以2年粘虫迁飞盛期的雷达观测数据为基础,结合空间气象要素和罗盘信号分析。【结果】在温度较低的春季进行迁飞的粘虫多在逆温层顶附近聚集成层,空中虫群会主动选择高温。迁飞粘虫具有明显的飞行低温阈值(16℃左右),此温度以下空中虫群密度低、无聚集成层现象。空中虫群位移方向的离散度与风速呈显著负相关。当风速较大(大于5 m/s)且风向与粘虫迁飞方向(东北)相一致时,虫群通常表现为顺风定向;当风速小于3 m/s且风向与粘虫迁飞方向明显不同时,虫群表现为明显的侧风补偿甚至逆风飞行行为。此外,粘虫可能利用罗盘信号进行迁飞定向,例如地磁场。【结论】试验结果可为迁飞性害虫的异地预测研究提供一定的基础理论依据。Objectives To investigate the aerial stratification and common orientation of the spring migrant populations of the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata （Walker）. [Methods] This study is based on spring radar data collected over two years, in combination with the analysis of meteorological factors and compass cues. [Results] Most moths trended to aggregate near the upper inversion surface in order to find warmer conditions. Moreover, M. separata moths had a lower temperature threshold （about 16＆#176;C） during the migration period when it had low population density and did not to aggregate under this temperature threshold. Furthermore, a significant correlation between migration direction and the wind speed was observed. When the wind was strong （＆gt;5 m/s） and closely aligned with the armyworm moths heading （i.e., toward the NE）, M. separata generally orientated close to the downwind. When the wind speed was less （＆lt;3 m/s） and not closely aligned with the moths heading, M. separata compensated for the cross-wind drift and even flew upwind. On the other hand, the oriental armyworm may use some compass cues （e.g., geomagnetic compass） to orient its general flight direction, during migration. [Conclusion] The results provide some theoretical basis for the off-site forecasting of migratory insect pests.

关 键 词：粘虫 迁飞 共同定向 聚集成层 行为机制 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]