保护性耕作对农田土壤碳库特性的影响  

Effect of Conservation Tillage on Soil Carbon Pool in Farmland

作　　者：吕瑞珍[1] 熊瑛[1] 李友军[1] 吕强[1] 黄明[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第4期206-209,217,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(102102110030);洛阳市科技攻关项目(1001041A)

摘　　要：为了探讨土壤碳库特性对不同耕作措施的响应,在大田豆麦轮作定位试验条件下,研究了保护性耕作对农田土壤各层次总有机碳和活性有机碳含量的影响,并计算各处理土壤活性有机碳占总有机碳比率及土壤碳库管理指数。结果表明:土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳均随土层的增加而减少,且秸秆覆盖处理效果显著高于不覆盖处理,其0-40cm平均总有机碳含量表现为旋耕覆盖>深松覆盖>免耕覆盖>翻耕覆盖>翻耕,免耕覆盖有利于提高0-10cm土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳,且差异达到显著水平;相反,翻耕则降低土壤总有机碳,促进土壤活性碳的分解。与翻耕相比,免耕覆盖能够显著提高表层活性有机碳占总有机碳比率,深松覆盖和旋耕覆盖则有利于耕层活性有机碳占总有机碳的比率的提高。翻耕有利于0-10cm土壤碳库各项参数的提高,10-20cm和20-40cm则降低碳库活度和活度指数;保护性耕作措施均有利于各层次土壤碳库管理指数的提高。说明不同保护性耕作措施能显著改善土壤经营和管理水平,有利于土壤质量向着良性发展。To investigate the responses of soil carbon pool to different tillage patterns, the soil total organic carbon content（TOC）, active carbon pool （AC）, the percentage of AC in TOC and carbon pool management index （CPMI） of soils in two sequence rotation systems with winter wheat and summer sowing soybean were discussed. The results indicated that AC and TOC were decreased with deeper layer, and the straw mulching treatment was significantly higher compared to without straw mulch. The average of soil TOC in 0--40 cm layer by conversation tillage was rotary tillage with mulch （RTS））~subsoiling tillage with mulch （STS））~no tillage with mulch （NTS））〉conventional tillage with mulch （TS））〉conventional tillage （T）. NTS signifi- cantly increased TOC and AC in 0--10 em layer, while T reduced TOC and AC especially in 0--40 cm layer, it was 6.09~ and 41.67~//00 lower than NTS. Compared with T, NTS enhanced the percentage of AC in TOC in the surface layer, STS and RTS were beneficial to the improvement of the content of lower layer. When compared with contrast, T was contribute to the improvement of various soil carbon pool, while T reduced carbon library activity （A） and activity index （AI） especially in 10--20 cm layer and 20--40 cm layer. Con- servation tillage were beneficial to the improvement of carbon management index （CPMI） in the various levels. It showed that different conservation tillage measures could significantly improved soil operation and management level, and generated good results to the soil system in presenting a benign tendency.

关 键 词：保护性耕作 秸秆覆盖 总有机碳 活性有机碳 碳库管理指数 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学] S157.42[农业科学—农业基础科学]