汽车保险杠低速碰撞的数值研究  

Numerical Analysis of the Bumper at the Low-Speed Collision

作　　者：陆幸[1] 马永其[1,2] 冯伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学上海市应用数学和力学研究所,上海200072 [2]上海大学理学院力学系,上海200444

出　　处：《力学季刊》2014年第2期350-361,共12页Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics

摘　　要：保险杠低速碰撞的研究,对乘员的安全和车身上其它部件的保护具有巨大的意义.针对某一款轿车的保险杠在FMVSS581规范下的4km/h摆锤试验和工程上8km/h摆锤试验进行了数值模拟,分析了保险杠的碰撞特性和吸能情况,及碰撞位置变化的影响.结果表明:在低速碰撞下,此款保险杠呈现出分段刚度特性,具有较好的吸能特性和碰撞特性,下端碰撞中保险杠有明显的扭转变形、刚度减小、刚度分段范围增大,吸能能力减弱.低速碰撞过程中保险杠变形和刚度变化的规律及其吸能特性,为保险杠设计提供了重要的参考价值.The study of the bumper at low-speed collision is more important significance at the protection of occupants and other car body parts. The 4km/h pendulum bob crash tests according to FMVSS581 bumper standard and the 8km/h crash test in engineering have been simulated. The erashworthness, the energy absorption characteristics of bumper and the influence of different impact location were analyzed. The results show that the stiffiaess of this bumper is pieeewise and the crashworthness and energy absorption characteristics are very well, that the torsion deformation, the small stiffness, the long pieeewise range and the weak energy absorption characteristics with the lowering collision of bumper are occurred. It is valuable reference for the bumper design of the distribution of deformation, the stiffness pattern and the energy absorption characteristics of this bumper at low-speed collision.

关 键 词：保险杠 低速碰撞 吸能特性 碰撞位置 

分 类 号：TB123[理学—工程力学]