2,2,4,4-四硝基金刚烷的合成与表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of 2,2,4,4-Tetranitroadamantane

作　　者：孙露[1] 凌亦飞 张萍萍[1] 罗军[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《含能材料》2014年第4期447-453,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

摘　　要：以金刚烷酮为原料,经Baeyer-Villiger氧化、内酯重排、缩酮化、氧化和偕硝化等单元反应合成了2,2,4,4-四硝基金刚烷。优化了重要中间体4,4-乙撑二氧基金刚烷-2-酮的合成方法。使用绿色硝化剂五氧化二氮对酮肟进行偕硝化反应,考察了溶剂、温度、反应时间、物料配比对第一步偕硝化反应的影响,确定了最佳反应条件:溶剂为二氯甲烷,n(4,4-乙撑二氧基-2-金刚烷酮肟)∶n(五氧化二氮)=1∶3,反应温度为45℃,反应时间为30 min,收率为52.3%。本路线总收率为14.2%,是文献报道的2.9倍。2,2,4,4-Tetranitroadamantane was synthesized via Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, lactone rearrangement, ketalization, oxi- dation and gem-nitration etc unit reaction using adamantan-2-one as raw material. The synthesis condition of an important inter- mediate 4,4-（ethylenedioxy） adamantan-2-one was optimized. The gem-nitration reaction of 4,4-（ethylenedioxy） adamantan-2- one oxime was performed using green nitration agent dinitrogen pentoxide （N20s ）. The effects of solvent, temperature, reaction time and ratio of material on the first-step gem-nitration reaction were investigated. Results show that the optimum reaction condi- tions of the reaction are determined as. methylene chloride as solvent, the molar ratio of 4,4-（ethylenedioxy） adamantan-2-one oxime to N20s is 1 ： 3, reaction temperature 45 ℃ and reaction time 30 rain with yield of 52.3%. The overall yield of 2,2,4,4- tetranitroadamantane is 14.2%, which is 1.9 times higher than that reported in reference.

关 键 词：有机化学 2 2 4 4-四硝基金刚烷 金刚烷酮 合成 硝化 五氧化二氮 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]