基于高低潮的优化保形调和分析模型(OCTHM)及算法  

Optimizing conformal tidal harmonic analysis model( OCTHM) and algorithm based on high & low water observations

作　　者：王如云[1] 占飞[1] 周钧[2] 雷磊[1] 周鹏 

机构地区：[1]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [3]中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《水运工程》2014年第8期15-19,共5页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：江苏省水利科技重点项目(2010500312);自然科学基金(40906048)

摘　　要：通常利用Foreman的高低潮潮汐预报模型,对只有高低潮实测数据的海洋水文站位进行潮汐预报,但在某些组合分潮情况下,在高低潮间会产生抖动现象,这种现象增加了不应有的虚假高低潮,给高低潮时和潮位的预报以及天文潮的整体预报精度造成很大影响。基于定点天文潮曲线变化具有的特性(高、低潮位处一阶导数为零且具有凸、凹性),在只有高低潮数据情况下,给出了建立分段四次多项式插值的优化保形潮汐调和分析模型(OCTHM)的一般方法。利用此模型思想方法,根据江苏省连云港站、上海高桥站的实测高低潮数据,建立了相应站位的优化保形潮汐调和分析预报模型。对有关预报结果进行分析对比,表明OCTHM模型克服了Foreman预报模型的抖动现象,具有其所不具有的保形性,可以较为准确地预报出高低潮时和潮位。The Foreman prediction model is a common method applied to predict the tidal level of tidal stations which only have high and low water observations. But in the situation of different combination of tidal constituents, the dithering phenomenon will appear between the high and low tide, which increases false high or low tides, exerting dominant negative effects on predicting the times and heights of high and low water accurately and reducing the overall prediction accuracy of astronomical tide. Based on the characteristics （ which include that first derivative at the point of each high and low tide is zero, the curve of which is convex at the high tide position and concave at the low） of astronomical tide curve of a certain tide station, an optimizing conformal tidal harmonic analysis model is established by the method of a piecewise polynomial interpolation, with only high and low water observations. This model, combined with the high and low tide data at Lianyungang station in Jiangsu province and Gaoqiao station in Shanghai, correspondingly contributes to the establishment of optimizing conformal tidal harmonic analysis model. The calculation results show that compared with the Foreman prediction model, the new model has great advantages of predicting the times and the heights of high and low tide.

关 键 词：潮汐调和分析 高低潮时预报 保形性 多项式插值 

分 类 号：U675.12[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]