松嫩平原东部浅层地下水水化学特征及水质评价  

Shallow Groundwater Quality Evolution and Status Evaluation in the Eastern Songnen Plain

作　　者：高月[1] 卞建民[1] 张真真[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地下水资源与环境教育部重点实验室,吉林长春1300269

出　　处：《水文》2014年第4期50-54,43,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41072255)

摘　　要：针对松嫩平原东部浅层地下水环境特征及存在的问题,利用该区地下水水质检测数据进行了水化学特征分析,利用1983年、1993年、2003年及2012年四个时段的地下水水质资料进行了对比分析,水质出现了明显的变化,在此基础上采用支持向量机法进行了水质现状评价。结果表明:第四系潜水及承压水中Fe、Mn含量较高,总硬度最大值1321.12mg/L,溶解性总固体最大值2214.45mg/L,水化学类型均为矿化度不大于1.5g/L的HCO3-Ca型水。NO3-、NH4+、Cl-、SO42-的含量呈现逐年增加的趋势,同时也出现了原来没有的酚、Cr6+等有毒物质。潜水Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类水样点占总样本的12.03%,Ⅳ、Ⅴ类水占总样本的87.97%。承压水Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类水占总样本的10.83%,Ⅳ、Ⅴ类水占总样本的89.17%。该方法评价结果与综合指数法结果一致率达95%,因此,评价结果可为该区水资源管理提供科学指导。Aiming at the shallow groundwater water environment characteristics in the eastern Songnen Plain, the chemical characteristics of the water were analyzed with the monitored groundwater. Analysis was made by comparing the groundwater quality data in 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2012, it was found that the water quality changed a lot. On this basis, support vector machine was used to assess the water quality. The results show that the content of Fe, Mn in the phreatic water and confined water of quaternary is much higher, the maximum of total hardness is 1321.12mg/L, the maximum of total dissolved solids is 2214.45mg/L, and the hydrochemical types are both not greater than 1.5g/L of HCO3-Ca type. The content of nitrate, ammonium, chloride and sulfate was rising. At the same time, phenol and Cr6＋ and other toxic materials did not appear in the water. Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ grade phreatic water samples accounted for 12.03% of the total, Ⅳ, Ⅴ class accounting for 87.97% of the total. Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ class confined water samples accounted for 10.83% of the total, Ⅳ, Ⅴ class accounting for 89.17 % of the total. The results of the evaluation method are 95% consistent with the comprehensive index method. Therefore, the water quality evaluation result can provide a scientific guidance for water resources managing department.

关 键 词：松嫩平原东部 浅层地下水 水环境 支持向量机 

分 类 号：P641.74[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]