差异性符号与等级性社会次序的建构——鲍德里亚消费社会观之反思  

Construction of Differentiated Symbols and Hierarchical Social Order——Reflection on Baudrillard's Concept of Consumer Society

作　　者：唐正东[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学哲学系,南京210046

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2014年第5期13-17,共5页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"当代资本主义的理论与实践研究"(09JZD0002)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：对鲍德里亚来说,消费者通过符号的消费并非为了彰显自己原有的、特定的社会地位,而是为了摆脱原有的社会地位,进入到一个更高的团体或地位中去。这就是为什么符号消费的内在逻辑不是象征性交换,而是社会区分逻辑的原因。消费者通过符号消费建构起了等级性的社会次序,只是意味着消费者在自主消费的外衣下被编码进了控制结构中去。鲍德里亚的这种解读思路在文化社会学的视域中应该说是深刻的,但如果我们站在唯物史观的视域中,那就不难发现其中存在的诸多问题。一方面他没考虑到社会结构对个体主体的制约性;另一方面他看不到外部生产系统的矛盾会导致消费结构的革命性变化。To Baudrillard, consumers＇ symbol-oriented consumption is not to highlight their original and specific social status, but to get rid of the original social status, so as to enter a higher social group or position. This is why the internal logic of symbol-oriented consumption is not a process of symbolic exchange, but a result of social distinction logic. Consum- ers can construct a hierarchical social order by means of symbol-oriented consumption, which merely means that consumers are encoded into the control system under the guise of autonomous consumption. Baudrillard＇s approach should be consid- ered as profound in the cultural-sociological context, but if we proceed from the perspective of historical materialism, it is not difficult to find many problems in his concept. On the one hand, he did not take into account the constraint of social structure on individual subject ; on the other hand, he did not see that contradiction form external production system may lead to revolutionary changes in consumption structure.

关 键 词：鲍德里亚 符号 社会次序 

分 类 号：B565.7[哲学宗教—外国哲学]