城市生态系统氮代谢研究进展  

Urban ecosystem nitrogen metabolism: Research progress

作　　者：冼超凡 欧阳志云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第9期2548-2557,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41030744)资助

摘　　要：城市氮代谢是当前城市物质代谢研究领域中的一个研究热点,其研究框架是将城市视为一个可进行氮代谢的生态系统整体,重点关注人类活动对城市人为活化氮代谢过程的影响及其可能产生的环境问题。本文在阐述城市氮代谢内涵、研究背景的基础上,介绍了物质流分析方法研究城市氮代谢的进展,分析了系统动态模型在城市氮代谢模拟研究中应用前景;最后从城市内部的氮代谢分析、工业氮在城市氮代谢中的归宿、氮足迹概念在城市氮代谢过程研究中运用等方面,探讨了未来城市氮代谢研究趋势与发展方向。实现不同尺度的城市氮代谢过程的准确分析,关键在于研究区域边界和氮流归宿的明确,而目前中国针对城市氮代谢分析研究很少,因此,有必要探讨适合城市氮代谢研究的多尺度分析方法及评价指标,以期为减少城市人为活化氮的排放提供理论参考。Currently, urban nitrogen metabolism is a hotspot of the urban metabolism research, the framework of which is to regard the urban region as an organism of nitrogen metabolism, ex- ploring the human impacts on the process of the anthropogenic reactive nitrogen metabolism in urban regions as well as the related potential environmental problems. Based on elaboration of the concept and the research background of urban nitrogen metabolism, this paper attempts to introduce the progress of the research of urban nitrogen metabolism by application of material flow analysis, and to reveal the prospect of the modeling research of urban nitrogen metabolism by application of system dynamics models. Finally, the future development in the research of urban nitrogen metabolism is discussed from three perspectives as follows： The nitrogen metabolism analysis within an urban region, the fate of industrial nitrogen in urban nitrogen metabolism, and the application of nitrogen footprint in the research of urban nitrogen metabolism. The definition in the boundaries of survey regions and the fate of nitrogen flows is the key to accurately analyze the processes of urban nitrogen metabolism at different scales. At present, there are few researches on the analysis of the urban nitrogen metabolism in China. Therefore, to explore the methods of muhi-scale analysis and the indexes for evaluation of the urban nitrogen metabolism can provide theoretical support for the reduction of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen emissions in urban regions.

关 键 词：人为活化氮 城市氮代谢 物质流分析 模型模拟 工业氮 氮足迹 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]