精神分裂症患者生存质量及影响因素分析  

Quality of life and related factors among clinically cured schizophrenia patients

作　　者：李丹[1] 窦娜[1] 陈长香[1] 马素慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学护理与康复学院PT/OT教研室,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2014年第9期1196-1199,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：唐山市科技支撑项目(12140209A-20)

摘　　要：目的了解精神分裂症患者出院后的生存质量情况及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选择唐山市精神病医院经临床治愈、出院复诊的215例精神分裂症患者为研究对象,采用自行编制的一般状况量表、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表(WHOQOL-BREF)进行测评。结果精神分裂症患者出院后生存质量在生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域得分分别为(54.91±15.94)、(52.69±13.07)、(52.97±19.37)分,均低于中国常模(P<0.01);环境领域为(50.79±15.96)分;在生存质量的生理领域,年龄≥36岁、农村患者、文化程度初中及以下、不工作或劳动者得分较低(P<0.05),在心理领域,农村患者、文化程度初中及以下、无配偶、不工作或劳动者得分低(P<0.05),在社会关系领域,年龄≥36岁、农村患者、文化程度初中及以下、不工作或劳动、残存阴性症状分值高者得分低(P<0.05),在环境领域,年龄≥36岁、文化程度初中及以下者得分低(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析显示,精神分裂症患者生存质量的主要影响因素为年龄、文化水平、残存阴性症状和社会回归情况。结论精神分裂症患者临床治愈出院后生存质量情况较差,并与多种因素密切相关。Objective To examine the quality of life （QOL） and its influencing factors among discharged schizo- phrenia patients. Methods Cluster random sampling was adopted to select 215 clinically cured schizophrenia patients who sought return visit at Tangshan Psychiatric Hospital. A self-designed questionnaire, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）, and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF（WHOQOL-BREF） were used in the study. Results The average scores of the patients for physiology, psychology, and social relationship domain of QOL were 54. 91 ± 15.94, 52. 69±13.07,and 52.97 ± 19.37,all lower than those of the norm of Chinese（P 〈0. 01 ） ,and the average score of envi- ronment domain was 50. 79 ± 15.96. Among the patients,at the age 36 years or above,living in countryside ,with the education of junior middle school or below, and unemployed were inversely related to physiological and social relationship do- main of QOL（ P 〈 0. 05 for all ） ;living in countryside, with the education of junior middle school or below, unmarried or divorced, and unemployed were inversely related to psychological domain of QOL （P 〈 0. 05 for all） ;with a higher score for remained negative symptoms was inversely related to social relationship domain of QOL （P 〈 0. 05） ;and at the age 36 years or above and with the education of junior middle school or below were inversely related to environment domain of QOL（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that main factors affecting QOL of the patients were age, education level, remained negative symptoms, and social rehabilitation. Conclusion The quality of life of schizophrenia patients is poor and is affected by many factors during the period of rehabilitation.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 生存质量 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]