金属硫蛋白及其重金属解毒功能研究进展  

Research advance on metallothionein and its heavy metal detoxification

作　　者：徐炳政[1] 张东杰[1] 王颖[1,2] 张桂芳 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学食品学院 [2]国家杂粮工程技术研究中心,大庆163319

出　　处：《中国食品添加剂》2014年第5期171-175,共5页China Food Additives

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅新世纪人才项目(2014-2016);黑龙江省博士后资助项目(LBH-Z13169)

摘　　要：近年来,全球范围内重金属污染日益严重,大量重金属元素进入人体并产生蓄积,严重威胁到人类健康,因此寻找安全、高效的重金属解毒天然产物引起国内外学者越来越多的重视。金属硫蛋白是一种低分子量、富含半胱氨酸的胞内蛋白质,根据不同的蛋白质结构可将金属硫蛋白分为MT-Ⅰ、MT-Ⅱ、MT-Ⅲ和MT-Ⅳ四种异构形式。金属硫蛋白含有大量巯基,这一特殊结构赋予了其螯合重金属离子及重金属解毒功能。本文综述了目前通用金属硫蛋白定义及其构型分类方式;阐述了不同构型金属硫蛋白的蛋白质结构;重点归纳了金属硫蛋白解除重金属毒性机制及其在重金属解毒产品中的应用。本文同时指出了我国在金属硫蛋白研究与应用方面存在的不足,旨在为金属硫蛋白在重金属解毒方面的研究与应用提供参考依据。In recent years, the global heavy metal pollution is increasingly seriously. When large amount of heavy met- als enter the body and accumulated, it will cause a severe problem to human health. Therefore, a safe and efficient way to get rid of heavy metal has drawn more and more attention from experts. Metallothionein is a low - molecular - weight, cysteine rich intracellular protein, which can be divided into four isomeric forms （ MT - I MT - II, MT -III and MT- IV） according to protein structures. Metallothionein contains a large number of sulfhydryl groups, which can form heavy metal chelating complex and detoxified it. This paper summarized the general definition and classifica- tion of metallothionein and the protein structures of different configurations of metallothionein. Heavy metal detoxifica- tion mechanisms and heavy metal detoxification products of metallothionein were. This paper also analyze the problems in the research and application of metallothionein in China. The study will provide references for research and applica- tion of metallothionein in heavy metal detoxification.

关 键 词：金属硫蛋白 重金属 解毒 研究进展 

分 类 号：Q513[生物学—生物化学]