杭菊栽培品种小黄菊鲜花和制成品香气组成分析  

Analysis on chemical components of essential oils from fresh flowers and manufactured goods of Chrysanthemum cultivar Dendrathema grandiflorum‘Xiao Huang’Ju in Tongxiang City of Zhejiang Province

作　　者：王梦馨[1] 沈学根[2] 周建松[2] 崔林[1] 韩宝瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量学院生命科学学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]桐乡市农业技术推广服务中心,浙江桐乡314500

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2014年第4期900-907,共8页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目(2011C22046);中国计量学院引进人才科研启动基金项目

摘　　要：以SDE法提取小黄菊鲜花和制成品的香精油,用GC-MS进行定性定量分析,发现:(1)从鲜花和制成品中分别检出76和88种化合物,主要成分是单萜、倍半萜及含氧衍生物;(2)鲜花和制成品中共有成分62种,其中含量较高的有桉叶醇、樟脑、马鞭草烯醇乙酸酯、六甲基苯等;(3)在鲜花中的含量至少十倍于制成品的组分有莰烯、β-水芹烯、α-水芹烯、(E)-罗勒烯、(Z)-罗勒烯、二环[2.2.2]辛-5-烯-2-酮、别罗勒烯、D-马鞭草烯酮、藏花醛、六甲基苯;(4)鲜花精油中有14种组分是制成品精油中没有的,有α-宁烯醛、α-小茴香烯、古巴烯等;(5)制成品精油中的含量远高于鲜花中含量的组分有6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、α-姜烯、β-倍半水芹烯、α-柠檬醛、棕榈酸、α-姜黄烯、反-柠檬烯氧化物、α-没药醇等;(6)制成品中特有组分有26种,有麝香草酚、苯乙醛、α-萜品醇、γ-毕澄茄烯等。研究结果揭示了小黄菊香气特征,可供栽培、加工和品审时参考。The essential oils of fresh flowers and manufactured goods of Chrysanthemum cultivar Dendrathema grandiflorum‘Xiao Huang＇Ju were extracted by the simultaneous distillation extraction method , then detected by gas chromatography coupled of mass spectrum .The results were as follows：（1） Seventy-six and eighty-eight components were respectively identified from the fresh flowers and manufactured goods of ‘Xiao Huang＇Ju, with monterpenes , sesquiterpenes and their oxygenous derivatives being the major chemical components ;（2） Sixty-two mutual chemical components were identified , with eucalyptol , camphor , verbenol acetate , hexamethyl-benzene and so on at high content level.（3） The compounds in essential oils of the fresh flowers which were at least ten times greater than those in essential oils of manufactured goods were camphene ,β-phellandrene,α-phellandrene, （E）-ocimene, （Z）-ocimene, bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-en-2-one, allo-ocimene, D-verbenone, safranal, hexamethyl-benzene;（4） Fourteen components were only identified from the essential oils of fresh flowers , such asα-thujenal ,α-fenchene , copaene and＆amp;nbsp;so on.（5） The relative contents of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, α-zingiberene, β-sesquiphellandrene, α-citral, palmitic acid,α-curcumene, （E）-limonene oxide,α-bisabol and so on in essential oils of manufactured goods were much more than those of fresh flower . （ 6 ） Twenty-six specific components were only identified from the manufactured goods, including thymol, benzeneacetaldehyde, α-terpineol, γ-cadinene and so on.The results revealed the chemical characteristics of aroma of ‘Xiao Huang＇Ju, which can be used as the reference during its cultivating, processing and tasting .

关 键 词：小黄菊 鲜花制成品 菊花挥发油 水蒸气蒸馏萃取法 气-质联用仪 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]