独立光伏发电系统中太阳能充电器的设计  

Design of Photovoltaic Charger for Stand-alone Photovoltaic System

作　　者：汤秀芬[1] 张鑫[1] 米晨[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学物理电气信息学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学设备与物资管理处,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2014年第6期72-76,共5页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：国家自然学基金资助项目(51167015);宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(NZ12160)

摘　　要：分析了独立光伏系统受环境影响较大、发电功率不稳定等因素。同时分析了直接利用PI算法对VRLA蓄电池实现三段式充电失败的原因,提出了将最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)与三段式充电相结合的充电策略,据此设计制作了以XC164CM单片机为核心的Boost拓扑结构为框架的太阳能充电器,给出了三阶段充电的具体软件实现方法。为了验证该策略的充电效率和正确性,对12 V 100 A·h的铅酸蓄电池进行充电实验。结果表明:在同等条件下,接入MPPT装置后,蓄电池的充电电流比无MPPT装置情况下充电电流要高,蓄电池所接受的功率有了一定的提高,该太阳能充电器的充电效率达到88.2%,达到了预期目的。The photovohaic system is easy to be impacted by the environment, and the power generated is unstable. The reason caused failure of implementing 3-stage charging by using PI algorithm is analyzed. Thus a charging strategy combining nlaximum power point tracking （MPPT） and 3-stage charging is prupnsed. The XCI64SM MCU based photovoltaic charger with Boost topology is developed, and the software implementation is proposed. In order to verify that the strategy of charging efficiency and correctness, a charging experiment on 12 V 100 A ·h storage battery by the charger is implemented. Result shows that, after the access to the MPPT device, battery charging current is higher under the same conditions, and acceptable power of battery has improved and the charger efficiency can achieve 84.4% that reaches the expected goal.

关 键 词：充电器 最大功率点跟踪 优化策略 

分 类 号：TM910.6[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]