民事举证责任的经济学解释及启示  

An Economic Approach of the Burden of Proof in Civil Procedure Law

作　　者：谌宏伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]赣南师范学院政治与法律学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《赣南师范学院学报》2014年第4期83-89,共7页Journal of Gannan Teachers' College(Social Science(2))

基　　金：赣南师范学院社会科学课题(11kyw02);赣州市社联课题(12251)

摘　　要：举证责任的分配是民事证据制度中的核心问题,其与民法上的权利构成要件与权利妨碍要件的界分存在紧密联系。举证责任分配的背后有着经济理性的考量与支撑。我国民法尤其是侵权法领域习惯于采用无条件的举证责任倒置的方法,来化解一些案件当中的受害人对特定事实的证明困境。但从预期举证成本最小化的角度考量,"无条件的举证责任倒置"未必是解决受害人证明困境的妥适方法。证明标准的适当降低或有条件的举证责任倒置也许能更好地解决问题。Allocating the burden of proof is the basic issue in civil evidence law,and it’s closely related to the distinction between causes of action and elements of defense. The Civil Law of China,especially the Torts Law,is accustomed to adopting the uncondition-al reversion of burden of proof in order to overcome the dilemma of the aggrieved party to prove certain facts in some cases. But from the perspective of the minimum of the expected evidence cost,it may not be the best option. Properly lowering the standard of proof or re-versing the burden of proof conditionally may be much better.

关 键 词：民事诉讼 举证责任 经济分析 举证责任倒置 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]