复杂系统操纵员心智模型相似性的影响因素  

Antecedents of Mental Model Similarity of Complex System Operators

作　　者：王巍[1,2] 林晓敏[1,2] 白新文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《人类工效学》2014年第3期5-9,共5页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71271203;70802059)

摘　　要：目的已有研究表明心智模型相似性有助于提高工作效率和安全绩效,本研究则探讨复杂系统操纵员心智模型相似性的影响因素。方法参加本研究的54名复杂系统操纵员在长期互动中构成的一个社会网络,构建操纵员两两间专业相似性、工龄差异、共同值班次数以及心智模型相似性四个矩阵,并用社会网络分析程序UCINET分析前三者对后者的影响。结果专业相似性、工龄差异、共同值班次数能够显著预测操纵员心智模型相似性。结论操纵员彼此间的工作经验越接近、专业背景越相似,其心智模型相似性越高;而与假设相反,共同值班次数越多,其心智模型相似性反而越低。本研究可为通过促进成员心智模型相似性来提高系统操作效率和安全绩效的实践提供理论支持。Objective Team cognition research has indicated that complex system operators willachieve higher system efficiency and safety performance when they hold similar rather than dissimilar mental models.The current study thus aims to explore the antecedents of operators＇ mental model similarityMethods Data were collected from54 system operators in a large high technology corporation in China.Because the operators had formed a social network overa long period of interaction,the authors constructed four matrixes named expertise similarity,tenure difference,the times on joint duty,mental modelssimilarity,and employed UCINET to analyze the effect of the first three matrixes to predict the last one.Results Results of QAP regression showed thatexpertise similarity,tenure difference and the times on joint duty could significantly predictmental modelsimilarity.Conclusion Jobexperience andexpertise background were bothpositively related to mental model similarity,whereascontrary to the hypothesis,frequency of formal interactionsunder high pressuresituation was negatively related to mental model similarity.The results canprovide theoretical support for improving the operation efficiency of the system and security performanceby promotingoperators＇ mental model similarity.

关 键 词：复杂系统 心智模型 心智模型相似性 社会网络分析 团队认识 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C93[哲学宗教—心理学]