考虑可观测度的反交会规避机动方法  

An anti-rendezvous evasion maneuver method based on degree of observability

作　　者：于大腾[1] 王华[1] 李九人 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学航天科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410073 [2]载人航天总体研究论证中心,北京100094

出　　处：《国防科技大学学报》2014年第4期15-21,共7页Journal of National University of Defense Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11272346);国家部委资助项目(2013CB733100)

摘　　要：针对具有自主接近能力的航天器开展了反交会规避机动方法研究。建立了仅测角相对导航模型,随后利用状态估计误差给出了可观测度的定义,量化了可观测性指标。以可观测度为评价指标,提出基于虚拟轨道的可观测度计算方法,以可观测度梯度对规避机动方向进行优化,保证了规避机动使目标航天器的可观测性达到最大弱化,并给出了规避机动大小计算方法。给出了仿真算例,结果表明提出的方法能够使系统的可观测性明显减弱,达到了设计要求,为规避机动研究提供了一种新视角。An anti-rendezvous evasion maneuver method is proposed in order to escape from the spacecraft that has autonomous approaching ability. Supposing that a two impulse C-W navigation strategy is used by the approaching spacecraft, first a bearing-only relative navigation model is built. Then, a definition of degree of observability based on state estimation error is proposed so as to quantify observability. By using the degree of observability conception, the evasion maneuver direction is chosen as its gradient, which guarantees that every unit impulse can reduce the system observability mostly. Finally, the numerical simulation is conducted with different maneuver impulse, and the result shows that the method proposed can attenuate the system observability obviously. The method offers a new viewpoint for evasion maneuver research.

关 键 词：可观测度 反交会 规避机动 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]