某高校教职工代谢性疾病行为干预效果评价  

Effect of behavioral intervention on metabolic disorders among university staffs in west area of Guangdong

作　　者：陈光英[1] 陈丽娟[1] 黄琪花[1] 

机构地区：[1]湛江师范学院校医院,广东524048

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第7期1045-1049,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：湛江市科技攻关计划项目[湛科(2013)81号]

摘　　要：目的评价高校教职工代谢病行为干预效果,为高校教职工慢性病防治提供依据。方法选择2012年4月粤西某高校20-59岁在编教职工为研究对象,进行生活方式调查和体质量指数、血脂、血糖、血尿酸和腹部彩超等检查。对该人群实施为期1 a行为干预,比较被试干预前后不良生活行为持有情况及体检结果。结果 2012年教职工超重与肥胖、脂肪肝、血脂异常、糖代谢异常（空腹血糖升高）和高尿酸血症总检出率分别为31.11%,28.15%,41.30%,12.67%和17.56%。实施行为干预1 a后,嗜酒、喜食海鲜、喜食肥肉和动物内脏、常在外聚餐、睡眠不足、运动缺乏和饮水过少等不良行为较干预前分别下降了2.4,9.84,5.6,5.24,8.03,18.61,4.45百分点（P值均〈0.05）,以男性下降明显。脂肪肝、血脂异常和糖代谢异常（空腹血糖升高）检出率分别比干预前下降5.28,6.3和3.24百分点（P值均〈0.05）,以男性和20~49岁年龄段人群下降显著。干预前,男性不良生活行为持有率和代谢病检出率均高于女性,干预后差异明显缩小。结论健康管理和不良生活行为干预是代谢性疾病防治最经济有效的途径,值得推广;干预时机越年轻效果越好。Objective To analyze the effects of behavioral intervention on metabolic disorders among university staffs, in order to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Methods All the participants from one university had joined in health examination and aged 20 to 59 years old. Dietary habits and life style were collected in questionnaire survey. Body mass index, blood lipid, blood sugar, serum uric acid and abdominal ultrasound results were compared before and after one year behavioral intervention. Results In 2012, rates of overweight and obesity, fatty liver, dyslipidemia, abnormal metabolism of sugar and hyperuricemia was respectively 31.11%, 28.15%, 41.30%, 12.67% and 17.56% . Mter one-year behavioral intervention, rates of alcoholism, preference for seafood, preference for fat and animal offal, outside for dinner, short sleep duration, physical inactivity and drinking too little water decreased by 2.4%, 9.84%, 5.6% ,5.24%, 8.03%, 18.61% and 4.45%, respectively, especially among male staffs. Fatty liver, dyslipidemia and abnormal metabolism of sugar decreased by 5.28%, 6.3% and 3.24%, respectively, especially among male staffs and staffs aged 20-49 years. Before intervention, rates of unhealthy lifestyle and metabolic diseases in male were higher than that of female, however, the gender difference reduced after intervention. Conclusion A combination of both health management and behavioral intervention is the most economical and effective way to prevent and control metabolic disorders as early as possible.

关 键 词：营养和代谢性疾病 行为 干预性研究 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R181.24[文化科学—教育技术学]