中枢神经系统非典型畸胎样/横纹肌样瘤的影像与病理学研究  

Imaging and pathological features of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors in the central nervous system

作　　者：朱华晨[1] 周剑[1] 王志平[1] 周楠[1] 高培毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院放射科,北京100050

出　　处：《实用放射学杂志》2014年第8期1263-1266,共4页Journal of Practical Radiology

摘　　要：目的：探讨中枢神经系统非典型畸胎样/横纹肌样瘤（AT/RT）的影像表现和病理学特征。方法对16例颅内 AT/RT患者的 CT、MRI 影像资料以及病理和免疫组织化学结果进行回顾性分析。结果16例 AT/RT 患者中,男12例,女4例；肿瘤位于幕上10例,幕下6例,肿瘤发生囊变12例,实性部分与灰质呈等信号9例,肿瘤周围明显水肿11例,增强扫描呈带状环形强化10例,肿瘤出血和钙化发生率分别为43.8%和41.7%。组织病理学检查肿瘤组织内可见特征性的横纹肌样细胞,伴有不同程度的上皮组织、胚胎性细胞和间质分化。结论中枢神经系统 AT/RT 具有特征性的影像表现,CT 和 MRI 可为 AT/RT 的术前诊断和预后评估提供有价值的信息。Objective To investigate the imaging and pathological features of atypical teratoid/rhab doid tumor （AT/RT）occurring in the central nervous system （CNS）.Methods The CT and MRI findings of 1 6 patients with CNS AT/RT were retrospectively analyzed,and their pathological and immunohistochemical results were studied.Results There were 12 males and 4 females. Tumors located is at supratentorial in 10 and infratentorial in 6.Cystic changes in tumors were noted in 12 cases.The solid portion of tumors was isointense on T2-weighted images relative to normal brain grey matter in 9 patients.Extensive peritumoral edema was observed in 1 1 lesions.The tumors showed bandlike rim of significant enhancement in 10 cases.The incidence of hemorrhage and calcification in tumors were 43.8% and 41.7% respectively.Histopathologically,AT/RT was characterized by the presence of rhabdoid cells associated with variable components of epithelial,primitive neuroectodermal and mesenchymal differentiation.Conclusion Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor is several imaging findings which are relatively specific on CT and MR images.CT and MRI may provide valuable information for preoperation diagnosis and prognostic evaluation in patients with CNS AT/RT.

关 键 词：非典型畸胎样 横纹肌样瘤 中枢神经系统 计算机体层成像 磁共振成像 

分 类 号：R739.4[医药卫生—肿瘤] R814.42[医药卫生—临床医学]