试论历史语音研究中多音字常读音考察的方法——以《玄应音义》中多音字常读音研究为例  

About Some Methods to Research the Most Common Pronunciation Items of Polyphonic Characters in Chinese Phonology

作　　者：王曦[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2014年第3期88-94,96,共7页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目"中国古代语文辞书注音释义综合研究"(12&ZD184);国家社科基金"陆德明<周易><诗经>二书释文音韵比较研究"(10CYY025)

摘　　要：以《玄应音义》为例,总结出考察作切多音字常读音的三种方法 :1.同系排比归纳法,通过排比多音字作切的全部用例以确定其常读音;2.反切用字分析法,根据反切规律,分析切语上下字间的对立关系,考索作切多音字的常读音;3.多音并列排除法,辨析同一词条中为同一字所注多个读音间的对立关系,判定作切多音字的常读音。此三法能有效考察作切多音字的常读音。Based on XUAN Ying's Yiqiejing Yingyi(《一切经音义》), this paper discusses three methods to research the most common pronunciation items of polyphonic characters. The first is named the parallel induction in a single system which can confirm the most common pronunciation item by paralleling all the examples in the same system inductively. The second is named the examination of the words in fanqie(反切) which can determine the most common pronunciation item by analyzing the opposite relations between the first character and the second one in fanqie(反切). The third is the elimination among the antithetic phonetic annotations which can verify the most common pronunciation item by inspecting the opposite relations among antithetic phonetic annotations in the same entry. All these methods can arrive the observe and study the most common pronunciation item of polyphonic characters effectively.

关 键 词：语音史 多音字 常读音 考察方法 

分 类 号：H114[语言文字—汉语]