福州地区大小城市7-18岁学生膳食营养比较研究  

Comparative study on the dietary nutrition of children aged 7 to 18between big city and small city in fuzhou

作　　者：许志达 徐幽琼[2] 谢迺鸿 王代榕 陈国兴[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省福清市疾病预防控制中心,福建福清350300 [2]福建省福州市疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350004 [3]福建省福州市仓山区疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350007

出　　处：《中医学报》2014年第B07期381-383,共3页Acta Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解福州地区大小城市7-18 岁学生的膳食营养健康状况,为今后开展健康教育提供基础数据.方法：根据分层整群随机抽取福州地区大城市（仓山区）与小城市（福清市）中等水平的小学和中学各2 所,从各年级每个年龄段随机抽取至少40 人,男女各半,用食物频率法调查1004 名7-18 岁学生各种食物、营养素摄入情况及三大产能营养素供能比并进行比较分析.结果：大城市7-18 岁学生主食类的日摄入量低于小城市同年龄组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.大城市7-18 岁学生蔬菜类、菌藻类、水果类、乳类、肉类、蛋类、零食、饮料的日摄入量高于小城市同年龄组（P〈0.05）.大城市7-18 岁学生能量、蛋白质、脂肪的日摄入量高于小城市同年龄组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;大城市7-18 岁学生碳水化合物的日摄入量低于小城市同年龄组,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.大城市7-18 岁学生钙、铁、钠、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C、维生素E 的摄入量高于小城市同年龄同性别组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论：福州地区大小城市7-18 岁学生的膳食营养摄入不合理,随年龄越大营养摄入差异越大,Ca、Na、VA 、VC 摄入不足.Objective To investigate the current status of nutrient intakes of 7-18 year old children in Fuzhou, so as to provide baseline data to carry out health education andhealth promotion. Method： A random sample of 1004 aged 7 to 18 in four schools were face to face investigated using food frequency questionnaire, comparative analysis on theirvarious food intake, three power capacity nutrients ratio and other nutrients. Results： The staple food daily intake children aged 7 to 18 in big city was lower than that in small city, thedifference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. There were higher the daily intake of vegetables, bacteria, algae, fruit, milk, meat, aquatic products, eggs, snacks, drinks seasonings inbig city than the small city, differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The daily intake of energy, protein and fat was higher in big city than the small city, that of carbohydrateswas lower than the small city（P〈0.05）. There were higher the daily intake of calcium, iron, sodium, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin E in big city than the smallcity（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The dietary nutrition and structure of children aged 7 to 18 was unreasonable in two cities, the greater the age difference greater dietary intake, and lack of Ca,Na, VA, VC intake.

关 键 词：大城市 小城市 学生 膳食营养 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]