自我决定理论在中国学校体育课情境下的初步检验  

Preliminary Testing on the Application of Self-determination Theory in the Context of Physical Education Class in China

作　　者：陈福亮[1,2] 杨剑[1,2] 季浏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]青少年健康评价与运动干预教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2014年第5期465-470,475,共7页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：上海哲学社会科学教育学项目(A1224);国家社会科学基金"十一五"规划2010年度教育学一般课题(BLA100101);2010年度国家社会科学基金重大项目(10ZD&052)

摘　　要：在中国学校体育课情境下检验Deci和Ryan提出的自我决定理论。在国内缺乏锻炼自我调节问卷（BREQ）的情况下，严格按照心理测量学标准修订编制成信、效度良好的中文版BREQ：各维度内部一致性在0．74～0．89，重测信度在0．71～0．92。验证性因子分析和效标关联效度检验结果表明修订后BREQ的效度良好。通过结构方程模型检验自我决定理论和Vallerand提出的潜变量路径模型，对944名学生进行相关问卷的测量。结果表明：学生在体育课上知觉到老师提供的自主支持感能预测3种心理需要的满足情况，而心理需要满足可预测学生体育课锻炼动机，其中以能力需要满足预测效果最为明显；体育课锻炼动机对学生课外锻炼行为、锻炼意向及情绪体验也有预测作用。研究为自我决定理论和Vallerand提出的模型提供了部分支持，自我决定理论为研究者解释学生在强调合作和自主探究的体育课中锻炼动机更趋向内化和获得更多锻炼心理效益的现象提供了一种新视角。The aim of this study is to examine the application of self-determination theory （Deci ＆ Ryan, 1985,2002） in the context of physical education class in China. According to psychometric criterion, tes- ting and developing process of the Behavior Regulation of Exercise Questionnaire （BREQ） are presented in this study. The results demonstrate an acceptable reliability and validity. The internal consistency coef- ficient of each dimension is between 0. 74-0. 89. The test-retest reliability is between 0. 71-0. 92. The results of confirmatory factor analysis and criterion-related validity demonstrate that there is effective va- lidity with revised BREQ. For examining self-determination theory and Vallerand＇ s Model （1997,1999）, a cross-sectional study design is used. Participants complete questionnaires pertaining to perceived autono- my support,basic psychological need, exercise behavior regulation, exercise behavior out of school, exer- cise intention and positive/negate affect. Structural equation modeling analyses provide support for a con- ceptual model whereby perceived autonomy support predicts greater need fulfillment which, in turn, is as- sociated with autonomous exercise motivation and greater exercise behavior out of school, exercise inten- tion, positive affect. Overall, the results of this study lend partial support for Vallerand＇s model regarding the importance of psychological needs fulfillment and motivation processes in exercise. It is concluded that self-determination theory seems to be a fit framework to explain student have more intrinsic motivation and gain more exercise psychological benefits in P. E. class emphasizing cooperation and autonomous in- quiry.

关 键 词：自我决定理论 自主支持感 锻炼行为调节 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]