六倍体杂交狼尾草体细胞突变体特异性分析  

Analysis of characteristics of a hexaploid somatic mutant of hybrid Pennisetum

作　　者：钟小仙[1] 刘智微[1] 刘伟国[1] 崔莉莉[1] 吴娟子[1] 张建丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《草业学报》2014年第4期107-113,共7页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：江苏省自主创新项目[CX(13)3053];国家牧草产业技术体系盐城综合试验站(CARS-35-31)资助

摘　　要：为明确秋水仙素诱导获得的六倍体杂交狼尾草体细胞突变体CHP2009-14的特异性,以CHP2009-14为材料,杂交狼尾草(Tift23A×苏牧2号象草)为对照,进行了综合农艺性状和饲用价值评价、叶片微形态特性分析和流式细胞术鉴定,结果表明,与对照相比,CHP2009-14叶色深绿、叶绿素含量提高10.51%(P<0.05),叶片和叶鞘绒毛明显增多,植株矮化株高降低26.34%(P<0.01)、叶片长度减小了20.06%(P<0.01)、叶片厚度增加了16.41%(P<0.01)、茎叶比减少了43.61%(P<0.01)和分蘖数提高44.62%(P<0.01),叶片宽度无显著差异;体外消化率显著提高6.94%(P<0.05),粗蛋白含量、灰分含量分别提高62.34%(P<0.01)和17.35%(P<0.01);中性洗涤纤维含量显著降低3.35%(P<0.05),酸性洗涤纤维含量提高0.50%(P>0.05)、鲜草产量提高0.87%(P>0.05)和干物质产量降低3.27%(P>0.05);CHP2009-14植株叶片上表皮的气孔器密度减少65.20%(P<0.01),气孔器的长度和宽度分别增加了47.71%(P<0.01)和30.53%(P<0.01),气孔器面积为对照的2.07倍,CHP2009-14植株叶片下表皮的气孔器密度减少了35.71%(P<0.01),气孔器长度和宽度分别增加了51.54%(P<0.01)和34.17%(P<0.01),气孔器面积为对照的1.54倍;流式细胞仪检测结果显示,CHP2009-14植株叶片细胞核DNA含量是对照的两倍。The characteristics of hexaploid somatic mutant CHP2009-14 which was regenerated from embryonic callus treated by colchicine,CHP2009-14 and a triploid hybrid of Tift23 Aand Pennisetum purpureum cv.Sumu No.2（CK）were studied.Specific characteristics analysed were morphological traits,plant nutrition value,leaf stomatal characteristics,and ploidy identification by flow cytometry.Compared to those of the CK after 92 days growth in saline soil,the leaf color of CHP2009-14 was dark green,the chlorophyll content increased 10.51%（P〈0.05）,there were many more hairs in the leaves and sheaths;the plant height was reduced 26.34%（P〈0.01）;the leaf length decreased by 20.06%（P〈0.01）and the leaf thickness increased by16.41%（P〈0.01）.The stem/leaf ratio was reduced 43.61%（P〈0.01）and number of tillers increased by44.62%（P〈0.01）.The leaf width was not significantly different.Digestibility in vitro,crude protein,ash and acid detergent fiber were significantly increased by 6.94%（P〈0.05）,62.34%（P〈0.01）,17.35%（P〈0.01）and 10.24%（P〈0.01）,respectively.Neutral detergent fiber decreased by 3.35%and acid detergent fiber increased by 0.50%（P〉0.05）.Fresh grass yield increased by 0.87%（P〉0.05）and dry matter yield decreased by 3.27%（P〉0.05）.Compared to those of the CK,the stomatal density of CHP2009-14 in the upper and lower epidermis was lower by 65.20%（P〈0.01）and 35.71%（P〈0.01）,the stomatal length and width increased by 47.71%（P〈0.01）and 30.53%（P〈0.01）,51.54%（P〈0.01）and 34.17%（P〈0.01）,respectively,and the stomatal area was 2.07 and 1.54 times that of the CK.Flow cytometry analysis showed that the nuclear DNA contents of CHP2009-14 was twice that of the CK.

关 键 词：杂交狼尾草 六倍体 形态特征 营养品质 流式细胞术 气孔器特性 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]