利用探空资料估算青藏高原及下游地区大气边界层高度  

Atmospheric boundary layer heights estimated from radiosonde observations in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its downstream areas

作　　者：徐桂荣[1] 崔春光[1] 周志敏[1] 张兵[1] 李跃清[2] 赵兴炳[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所暴雨监测预警湖北省重点实验室,武汉430074 [2]中国气象局成都高原气象研究所,成都610072

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2014年第3期217-227,共11页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41175016;41375057)

摘　　要：利用三个时段的探空加密试验资料,分别采用气块法和Richardson数法来估算青藏高原及下游地区的对流边界层和稳定边界层的高度特征。结果显示:(1)高原中部对流边界层结构的出现概率高于高原东侧及下游地区,而四川盆地稳定边界层结构的出现概率远高于高原和长江中游。(2)高原中部和东侧的对流边界层高度春季高而夏季低,其中高原中部的对流边界层高度高于高原东侧;四川盆地和长江中游的对流边界层高度冬季低、夏季高,而高原东侧的对流边界层高度的变化趋势则相反;四川盆地的对流边界层高度低于长江中游。(3)高原的稳定边界层高度春季高而夏季低;冬季四川盆地的稳定边界层高度高于高原东侧和长江中游,而夏季长江中游的稳定边界层高度高于高原东侧和四川盆地,冬夏差异导致的稳定边界层高度的变化幅度在长江中游最明显,四川盆地次之,而高原东侧最小。(4)高原东侧及下游地区的平均边界层高度的日变化具有相似的演变特征,平均边界层高度在白天高夜间低,而高原中部的平均边界层高度在日出左右较低,之后随时间逐渐增高,并在晚上达到最大值;高原的平均边界层高度的日变化振幅大于下游地区,且其日变化振幅随站点海拔高度的增加而增大。The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer(ABL) height in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) and its downstream areas. Using the measurements of three radiosonde intensive observation field experiments, the convective boundary layer(CBL) and stable boundary layer(SBL) heights are determined with the parcel method and Richardson number method, respectively. The results show that CBL structures appear more frequently in the central QTP than in the eastern QTP and its downstream areas,and SBL structures appear more frequently in the Sichuan Basin than in the QTP and the middle Yangtze River Valley(YRV). The CBL heights in the central and eastern QTP are higher in spring than in summer, and the CBL height in the central QTP is higher than that in the eastern QTP. In the Sichuan Basin and middle YRV, the CBL heights are higher in summer than in winter, but the opposite is true for the eastern QTP. Moreover, the CBL height in the Sichuan Basin is lower than that in the middle YRV. For SBL situations, the SBL height in the QTP is higher in spring than in summer. In winter the SBL height in the Sichuan Basin is higher than those in the eastern QTP and middle YRV, and in summer the SBL height in the middle YRV is higher than those in the eastern QTP and Sichuan Basin. The SBL height difference between summer and winter is larger in the middle YRV and smaller in the eastern QTP, while it in the Sichuan Basin is in between. In the eastern QTP and its downstream areas, the mean ABL height is larger in daytime and smaller at nighttime; meanwhile, in the central QTP,it is small at sunrise and then increases till nighttime. Furthermore, the diurnal variation amplitude of mean ABL height is larger in the QTP than in its downstream areas and increases with station elevation.

关 键 词：青藏高原 大气边界层 对流边界层 稳定边界层 探空 

分 类 号：P41[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]