开花期剪叶和疏花对宁粳1号和镇稻88稻米直链淀粉含量和胶稠度的影响  

Effect of leaf-cutting and spikelet-thinning on amylose content and gel consistence of japonica rice Ningjing 1 and Zhendao 88

作　　者：周龙祥[1] 唐设 刘正辉[1] 李刚华[1] 丁艳锋[1] 王绍华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农学院/国家信息农业工程技术中心,农业部作物生理生态与生产管理重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2014年第5期943-949,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD04B08);江淮东部水稻小麦丰产节水节肥技术集成与示范项目(2013BAD07B09);江淮下游粳稻持续丰产高效技术集成创新与示范项目(2011BAD16B03)

摘　　要：以粳稻品种宁粳1号和镇稻88为材料,在水稻开花期采用剪叶和疏花处理方法调控单茎叶面积和颖花数的差异,研究源和库的改变对稻米直链淀粉含量和胶稠度的影响。结果表明,随剪叶数量增加,叶花比下降,稻米直链淀粉含量显著降低;随疏花数量增多,叶花比提高,稻米直链淀粉含量显著上升,而胶稠度与之相反。本研究还发现了叶花比在一定范围内,稻米直链淀粉含量和胶稠度变化较快,当叶花比超过一定范围时稻米直链淀粉含量和胶稠度变化趋缓甚至不再变化,说明,剪叶疏花处理只能在一定区间内对稻米蒸煮品质进行调控。初步明确了叶花比为2是影响稻米蒸煮品质的临界值。提出了可通过增源或减库的方式提高叶花比以实现较劣品种的蒸煮品质向较优转变。其结果可供优质粳稻栽培参考。Leaf-cutting and spikelet-thinning treatment were conducted on japonica ricevarieties Ningjing 1 and Zhendao 88 at flowering to investigate the influence of source-sink change on the starch RVA profile characteristics. As＆amp;nbsp;more leaves were cut, leaf-spikelet ratio and amylose content were decreased. As more spikelets were thinned leaf-spikelet ratio and amylose content were increased;however, gel consistence showed the opposite. The criti-cal value of leaf-spikelet ratio was 2 , indicative of the ap-propriate scale of leaf cutting and spikelet-thinning for cooking quality control. Improving leaf-spikelet ratio re-sulted from increasing source or reducing sink might be an effective measure for the switch from low cooking qual-ity to high on.

关 键 词：水稻 直链淀粉含量 胶稠度 剪叶 疏花 

分 类 号：S511.220.1[农业科学—作物学]