转化医学研究新热点:微小RNA调控癌症  

A new hotspot for translational medicine research: microRNA controlling tumorigenesis

作　　者：马海忠[1,2,3] 王光学[3] 向振东[3,4] 邓生琼[3] 赵倩[3] 梁春立[3] 杨孝来[4] 葛斌[4] 梁莉[1,2] 俞作仁[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学药学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]兰州大学第一医院药物临床试验机构,甘肃兰州730000 [3]同济大学附属东方医院转化医学研究中心,上海200120 [4]甘肃省人民医院药剂科,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《转化医学杂志》2014年第5期265-268,305,共5页Translational Medicine Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(NSFC81172515)

摘　　要：微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是一类具有调控基因表达功能的内源性非编码RNA。miRNA具有组织特异性表达,并在各类肿瘤和癌组织异常表达,参与癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭、转移、凋亡以及肿瘤干细胞成瘤能力。miRNA既具有基因治疗研发潜力,也可作为抗癌和抗肿瘤治疗靶点应用到癌症的防治。miRNA能够被癌细胞分泌到微环境和外周血,可作为新型生物标志物,研发应用于癌症的早期诊断和预后。本文对国内外miRNA基础研究和临床研发的最新进展作一综述,并客观、科学分析miRNA在调控肿瘤发生和癌转移领域的转化研究和应用前景。MicroRNA (miRNA) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNA carrying function of regulating target gene expression.The aberrant expression of miRNA has been observed in various tumor and cancer tissues.miRNA has tissue-specific expression involving in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis of cancer stem cell as well.miRNA have potential to be developed as either pharmaceutical molecules or thera-peutic therapeutic for cancer treatment.In addition, miRNA have potential as biomarkers to be used for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer since miRNA can be secreted to the microenvironment and blood by cancer cells.Herein we reviewed the progress of basic research and clinical application of miRNA in the last decade in China and abroad, and discussed the prospects of translational application of miRNA in the field of tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis.

关 键 词：微小RNA 癌 生物标志物 转化医学 

分 类 号：Q522[生物学—生物化学] R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]