不同授粉方式对设施厚皮甜瓜果实品质的影响  

Effects of Different Pollination Methods on Fruit Quality of Melon Cultured in Greenhouse

作　　者：付秋实[1] 张新英[1] 朱慧芹[1] 王怀松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2014年第11期31-36,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (31201642);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项 (CARS-26-07)

摘　　要：比较了蜜蜂授粉、人工授粉及氯吡脲喷花对设施厚皮甜瓜果实品质的影响。结果表明:蜜蜂授粉、氯吡脲喷花与人工授粉相比,可以显著提高厚皮甜瓜的单瓜质量、果实纵径、横径、果肉厚以及果实中葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖的含量。但是,采用氯吡脲喷花显著降低了种子中可溶性糖含量及千粒重,明显减少了果实中风味物质的种类和含量。氯吡脲喷花后30d果实中的氯吡脲残留量仅为0.62μg·kg-1,残留量在安全范围之内。因此,采用蜜蜂授粉可以显著改善果实品质,是设施甜瓜实现安全、优质、高效生产的重要配套技术之一。s:The aim of this study was to explore the effects of 3 pollination methods-honeybee pollination, artificial pollination and forchlorfenuron treatment on melon(Cucumis melo L.)fruit quality. The results showed that honeybee pollination and forchlorfenuron treatment compared with artificial pollination could significantly improve the single fruit weight,increase fruit longitudinal and diameters,flesh thickness,and contents of glucose, fructose and sucrose in fruit. But the soluble sugar contents in seeds and thousand seeds weight of forchlorfenuron treatment were significantly lower than that of honeybee and artificial pollination. Forchlorfenuron treatment could also obviously lessen the species of aromatic substance and reduce the content of aromatic substance than honeybee and artificial pollinations. The residue quantity of forchlorfenuron 30 days after spraying was only 0.62 μg·kg-1. It is in the range of security. Honeybee pollination could significantly improve fruit quality. Therefore,honeybee pollination is one of the important matching technologies,which can qurantee the safe,superior and efficient melon production in greenhouse.

关 键 词：甜瓜 蜜蜂授粉 人工授粉 氯吡脲 可溶性糖 芳香物质 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学] S627[农业科学—园艺学]