知识经济条件下企业边界的决定:内外社会资本匹配的视角  

The Decision of Enterprise Boundary under Knowledge Economy Conditions:From the Perspective of Matching Internal and External Social Capital

作　　者：徐礼伯[1,2] 沈坤荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学经济学院,江苏南京210093 [2]南京审计学院工商管理学院,江苏南京211815

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2014年第10期85-96,共12页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"增强自主创新能力提升经济增长质量研究"(批准号71073076)

摘　　要：随着企业的能力边界与实体边界出现了分离,边界管理成为提升企业竞争力的重要途径。造成两种边界分离的根本原因在于技术与知识的进步,但决定企业能否有效利用边界管理提升核心竞争力的却远不是技术与知识本身,而是企业对内对外关系的协调,社会资本逐步成为影响企业边界的关键因素。本文从内外社会资本匹配的视角,深入分析了内外社会资本对企业边界作用的机理,并探讨了具体的作用路径。研究发现,在传统经济条件下,社会资本通过影响组织协调费用和市场交易费用来决定企业边界,而在知识经济条件下,社会资本通过影响"内部化"与"外部化"的价值创造关系来决定企业边界。企业的内部社会资本与外部社会资本都会对实体边界、能力边界产生作用,两种社会资本强弱不平衡不利于企业发展,两者之间的匹配是企业实现高水平边界管理的关键。企业在边界管理中既要根据社会资本的状况来调整边界,又要根据边界管理的目标进行社会资本的构建与积累,更要注意实现两类社会资本的协调与匹配。With the separation of ability boundary and entity boundary, boundary management has been an important way to promote enterprise competitiveness. The basic reason why the two boundaries separate lies in the progress in technology and knowledge. However, whether the enterprise can use boundary management effectively to advance core-competitiveness is far from technology and knowledge themselves, but the coordination for enterprise internal and external relations. Step by step social capital has been the key factor in affecting enterprise boundary. This article analyses deeply mechanization of internal and external capital＇s influencing boundary from the perspective of matching internal and external capital, and discusses the specific effect pathway. Study has found that under the circumstances of traditional economy, social capital decides enterprise boundary by influencing intra- organization costs and market transaction costs. Under the condition of knowledge economy, however, social capital decides enterprise boundary by influencing value-creating relationships of ＂internalization＂ and ＂externalization＂. The internal and external social capital militate entity boundary and ability boundary. The strong and weak imbalance of these two social capitals are unfavorable for enterprise development. The match between the two is the key to realize high-level boundary management for enterprise. In boundary management, enterprise should adjust boundary according to the condition of social capital, but also should build and accumulate social capital by the aim of boundary management. What＇s more, enterprise should pay special attention to achieve the coordination and match of these two social capitals.

关 键 词：企业边界 内部社会资本 外部社会资本 企业竞争力 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]