播期和密度对玉米-大豆套作模式下大豆植株、干物质积累及产量的影响  

Effects of sowing time and density on soybean agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation and yield in maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system

作　　者：徐婷[1] 雍太文[1] 刘文钰[1] 刘小明[1] 董茜[1] 宋春[1,2] 杨峰[1] 王小春[1] 杨文钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,四川成都611130 [2]四川农业大学资源环境学院生态环境研究所,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2014年第5期593-601,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203096)

摘　　要：通过两年田间试验,研究了在玉米-大豆套作模式下,6月15日(A1,适期播种)、6月25日(A2,适当晚播)、7月5日(A3,晚播)3个播期和8.25万株·hm-2(B1)、11.25万株·hm-2(B2)、14.25万株·hm-2(B3)、17.25万株·hm-2(B4)4个密度对大豆植株性状、干物质积累及产量的影响。结果表明:A2较适期播种A1处理,花后单株干物质积累、茎粗和株高均降低,但花后群体干物质积累、花后作物生长率、荚果分配比率以及单株粒数均增加;在三种播期下,适度密植B3使大豆花后群体干物质重、作物生长率及荚果分配比率增加,在适当晚播A2的条件下表现更明显。在适当密植B3条件下,大豆适当晚播有利于大豆产量的提高,A2B3比A1B3平均提高了6.8%。To investigate the effects of sowing time and density on agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation and yield of soybean in maize- soybean relay strip intercropping system,a two- year field experiment was conducted with 3 sowing times( June 15,June 25 and July 5,denoted as A1,A2 and A3) and 4 densities( 8. 25 × 104plant·hm- 2,11.25 ×104plant·hm- 2,14.25 ×104plant·hm- 2,17.25 ×104plant·hm- 2,denoted as B1,B2,B3 and B4). Results showed that compared to normal sowing date( June 15),late sowing( June 25) decreased plant height,stem diameter,post- anthesis dry matter accumulation per plant of soybean,increased post- anthesis dry matter accumulations,crop growth rate,pods allocation ratio and grain yield per plant of soybean. Moreover,density of 14. 25 × 104plant·hm- 2resulted in more post- anthesis dry matter accumulations,crop growth rate and pods allocation ratio under different sowing times( normal and late sowing),especially with late sowing date on June 25. It was beneficial to improve soybean yield with appropriate late sowing( June 25) with high sowing density( 14.25 ×104plant·hm- 2),which was 6.8% higher than A1B3 treatment on average over two years.

关 键 词：套作大豆 播期 密度 干物质积累 产量 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]