硅肥施用方式对小麦白粉病防治效果及籽粒淀粉含量与粉质特性的影响  

Effects of Silicon Fertilizer in Different Application Ways on Powdery Mildew Control,Starch Content and Farinographical Properties of Wheat( Triticum aestivum L. )

作　　者：王东勇[1] 杨习文[1] 贺德先[1] 吴寅[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2014年第9期78-82,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(粮丰工程)项目(2013BAD07B07-4);河南省重点实验室项目(132300413207)

摘　　要：以西农979和周麦18为材料,在大田条件下研究了硅肥不同施用方式对小麦白粉病防控效果及籽粒淀粉含量和粉质特性的影响。结果表明,增施硅肥能显著降低白粉病感病植株的病情指数,提高抗病能力,尤其是底施硅肥+挑旗期喷施硅肥处理的防控效果为最佳,灌浆中后期效果最为明显。硅肥不同施用方式均能提高籽粒总淀粉和支链淀粉的含量,其中底施硅肥+挑旗期喷施硅肥处理增幅分别达到10.4%和24.7%,降低直链淀粉的含量;同时可延长面团形成时间和稳定时间,提高面粉吸水率,降低弱化度。Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of silicon fertilizer in various application ways on prevention and control of wheat powdery mildew, grain starch content and farinographical properties with the cuhivars Xinong 979 and Zhoumai 18 as experimental materials. The results showed that the disease index was decreased and the disease resistance was increased significantly under the silicon fertilization treatments, especially the treatment of bottom fertilization ＋ foliar application at flag stage ; the control effect of powdery mildew at late grain -filling stage was the best. The silicon fertilization treatments could increase the contents of total starch and amylopectin, and water absorption of flour, prolong the time of dough development and stability, but decrease the amylose content and weakening degree. The contents of total starch and amylopectin increased by 10.4% and 24.7% respectively under the treatment of bottom fertilization ＋ foliar application at flag stage.

关 键 词：小麦 硅肥施用方式 白粉病 淀粉含量 粉质特性 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]