厌氧发酵的分子调控及其应用研究  

The research of molecular regulation and application in anaerobic fermentation

作　　者：艾鷖[1] 王永[1] 文勇立[1] 泽让东科[1] 龚华斌 李璐 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,四川成都610041 [2]四川省简阳大哥大牧业有限公司,四川简阳641300 [3]重庆市铜梁县龙泽水务有限责任公司,重庆402560

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第5期672-679,共8页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家星火计划重大项目(2012GA810001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(2014NZYQN35)

摘　　要：近年来我国畜禽养殖业发展迅速,其产生的粪污污染问题日益突出,厌氧发酵是目前畜禽粪污无害化处理的常用技术.基于国内外厌氧发酵技术的发展现状,阐明了厌氧发酵的四个阶段,不同阶段中厌氧菌群间的相互关系,产氢气和产甲烷酶的分子机制以及影响厌氧发酵的外界因素.总结了近年来国内外对厌氧发酵技术的研究成果.多菌群厌氧发酵产甲烷是当下应用最为广泛的污物处理技术之一,氢气是清洁能源,厌氧发酵产氢气是如今国内外研究的热门.但是,由于受到发酵系统内菌群的组成和H+对发酵体系的反馈抑制,其经济效益仍然较低.乙酸是较高附加价值产品的原料,具有较高的经济价值,将厌氧发酵控制在产乙酸阶段,基本不会增加环境的负担.厌氧发酵产乙酸技术是未来污物厌氧发酵技术发展的新方向.In recent years, with the rapid development of livestock industry in our country, the environmental pollution has become more serous. Anaerobic fermentation is a technology commonly used for livestock waste disposal. Based on current development of anaerobic fermentation technology, this paper illuminates the four phases of anaerobic fermentation, expounds the relationship between anaerobic bacterial colonies, discusses the molecular mechanism of hydrogen and methane transfer and the influence factors, summarizes the research result and the developmental tendency of anaerobic fermentation technology and industry. Multi-bacteria anaerobic fermentation to produce methane is one of the most widely used sewage treatment technology, hydrogen is a clean energy, anaerobic fermentation to produce hydrogen is a hot research aspect. However, due to the fermentation system composition of bacteria and H＋ negative feedback, the process is still in low economic efficiency. Acetic acid is a high additional value product in fermentation process, and to limit the anaerobic fermentation in acetic acid production phase will not cause the environmental pollution. The technology of anaerobic fermentation to produce acetic acid is the novel development direction in sewage treatment.

关 键 词：厌氧发酵 分子调控 HYD MCR 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]