高寒地区冻土活动层变化特征分析  

Characteristics of frozen soil active layer in alpine region

作　　者：高峰[1] 刘军[1] 倪长健[2] 高永刚[3] 赵慧颖[4,5] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省大气探测技术保障中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]成都信息工程学院,四川成都610225 [3]黑龙江省气象科学研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [4]内蒙古自治区气象科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [5]通辽市气象局,内蒙古通辽028001

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2014年第4期84-90,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"大兴安岭高纬度湿地演变特征及其对气候变化的响应研究"(41165005)资助

摘　　要：利用1960—2010年黑龙江省83个气象站的冻土和0 cm地温资料,采用线性回归和多项式回归方法分析了黑龙江省冻土活动层的时空变化特征,揭示了黑龙江省5个典型气候区域最大冻土深度的变化趋势与特征,讨论了黑龙江省冻土活动层的影响因子。结果表明:黑龙江省冻土活动层冻结开始于9月,冬季3月冻土深度达到最大值,8月冻土厚度接近于0 cm。全省由北向南,最大冻土深度逐渐变小,冻结开始时间逐渐推迟,融化结束时间逐渐提前。黑龙江省最大冻土深度均呈显著减小的趋势,存在明显的退化趋势。从年代际变化来看,20世纪90年代前黑龙江省最大冻土深度变化较小,最大冻土深度较深,90年代后最大冻土深度呈显著减小的趋势。高纬度地区地温低,在同等条件下冻土深度较低纬度地区深。Based on frozen soil active layer data and 0 cm ground temperature data at 83 weather stations in Hei-longjiang province from 1960 to 2010,temporal and spatial characteristics of frozen soil active layer were analyzed using liner and polynomial regression analysis methods.Change trend of the maximum frozen soil depth and its characteristics were discussed for five typical climate regions of Heilongjiang province,and the influencing factors of frozen soil active layer were analyzed.The results indicate that the early date of soil becoming frozen begins in September.The maximum depth of frozen soil appears in March,while thickness of frozen soil is nearly 0 cm in August.From north to south in Heilongjiang province,the maximum frozen soil depth becomes shallow gradually;the early date of soil frozen is delayed;the ending date of frozen soil occurs early.The maximum frozen soil depth of active layer is in a decreasing trend in Heilongjiang province,and the degradation trend is obvious.For the inter-decadal change,the maximum frozen soil depth has not a significant change before 1990s,while thickness of frozen soil is deeper;it is in a decreasing trend after 1990s.The ground temperature is lower in high latitude regions,thus frozen soil depth is deeper in high latitude regions than in low latitude regions under the same conditions.

关 键 词：冻土 活动层 趋势 

分 类 号：P468.021[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]