出 处:《中华神经科杂志》2014年第9期610-616,共7页Chinese Journal of Neurology
基 金:天津市科技计划项目(13ZCZDSY01600);天津市卫生局科技攻关项目(13KG121)
摘 要:目的 比较额颞叶痴呆(FTD)与阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者认知功能和神经精神行为的差异以及与痴呆严重程度的关系.方法 选择符合入组条件的FTD患者38例、AD患者46例,分别采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)和简易精神状态检查(MMSE)量表评价认知功能;神经精神量表(NPI)和额叶行为量表(FBI)评价神经精神行为;汉密尔顿抑郁量表21项版本(HAMD-21)评价情绪状态;以及临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)划分痴呆严重程度.结果 与AD患者相比,FTD患者年龄(岁)较小(70.13 ±8.36与66.46±7.04;t =2.124,P=0.037),发病年龄(岁)较旱(68.58±8.51与64.43±6.82;t=2.396,P=0.019),MoCA评分(分)低于AD患者[12.50 (8.00,16.25)与17.00(10.75,21.00);Z=-2.428,P=0.015],而NPI、FBI、FBI-A、FBI-B及HAMD-21分值(分)高于AD患者[NPI:15.00(7.00,25.50)与9.50(4.00,17.75),Z=-2.251,P=0.024;FBI:21.00(13.00,27.00)与16.00(10.75,23.00),Z=-2.159,P =0.031; FBI-A:13.00(8.00,16.00)与9.00 (6.00,12.00),Z=-2.159,P=0.041; FBI-B:9.00 (7.00,14.00)与7.00(3.00,11.00),Z=-2.051,P=0.040;HAMD-21:7.00(2.75,14.00)与5.00(3.00,8.00),Z=-2.061,P=0.039];亚项分析显示:FTD患者在执行功能(Z=-2.140,P=0.032)、语言(Z=-3.357,P=0.001)、抽象能力(Z=-2.498,P=0.012)和延迟回忆(Z=-4.317,P=0.000)等认知方面差于AD患者,AD患者的记忆力(Z=-1.999,P=0.046)和定向力(Z=-2.941,P=0.003)较FTD患者损害明显;FTD患者在激越(Z=-3.255,P=0.001)、脱抑制(Z=-3.093,P=0.002)和易激惹(Z=-2.214,P=0.027)等神经精神行为障碍较AD患者严重;NPI(r =0.279,P=0.010)、FBI(r=0.353,P=0.001)、FBI-A(r =0.386,P=0.000)和FBI-B(r=0.273,P=0.012)与CDR评分呈正相关,MoCA评分与CDR评分呈负相关(r=-0.760,P=0.000);两组患者的MoCA和NPI各亚项分值随着痴呆程度加重发生相应变化.结论 FTD和AD患者在认知功能和精神行为症状方面存在�Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric behavior disturbances between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients,as well as their relationships with dementia severity.Methods A total of 38 FTD patients and 46 AD patients were recruited in this study.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate the degree of cognitive impairments.The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Brief Questionnaire Form (NPI) and Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI) were used to measure behavioral disturbances.The 21-items Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-21) was used to evaluate the mental or emotional state of patients.Clinical dementia rating scale (CDR) was used to divide the dementia severity.Results FTD patients were younger ((70.13 ± 8.36) years vs (66.46 ± 7.04) years,t =2.124,P =0.037),earlier at age of onset ((68.58 ± 8.51) years vs (64.43 ± 6.82) years,t =2.396,P =0.019),with lower MoCA scores (12.50 (8.00,16.25) vs 17.00(10.75,21.00),Z=-2.428,P=0.015),higher NPI (15.00(7.00,25.50)vs 9.50(4.00,17.75),Z=-2.251,P=0.024),FBI (21.00(13.00,27.00)vs 16.00(10.75,23.00),Z=-2.159,P=0.031),FBI-A (13.00 (8.00,16.00)vs 9.00(6.00,12.00) Z=-2.159,P=0.041),FBI-B (9.00(7.00,14.00) vs 7.00(3.00,11.00),Z=-2.051,P=0.040) and HAMD-21 scores (7.00(2.75,14.00) vs 5.00 (3.00,8.00),Z =-2.061,P =0.039).A detail analysis of different cognitive domains showed the executive functions (Z =-2.140,P =0.032),language (Z =-3.357,P =0.001),abstraction (Z =-2.498,P =0.012) and delayed recall (Z =-4.317,P =0.000) of the MoCA scale were lower in FTD patients than that in AD patients,while AD patients had lower scores in memory (Z =-1.999,P =0.046) and orientation (Z =-2.941,P =0.003) of the MMSE scale.Within the subscale scores of the NPI,the agitation (Z =
关 键 词:额颞叶痴呆 阿尔茨海默病 认知障碍 行为障碍 疾病严重程度指数 诊断 鉴别
分 类 号:R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]
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