头足类腕上吸盘和内壳扫描电镜观察  

Surface Microstructures of Suckers and Their Endoskeletons in Cephalopods as Revealed by SEM

作　　者：陈道海[1,2] 邱海梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]湛江师范学院环北部湾海洋药用动物保护与利用研究所,湛江524048 [2]湛江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,湛江524048

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2014年第5期736-743,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家星火计划项目(No.2012GA780020);广西科技合作与交流计划项目(No.桂科合1346011-25);广东省教育部产学研合作专项(No.2011B090400274);广东省海洋渔业技术推广专项(No.A200899E01);湛江市科技攻关项目(No.2011D0244)

摘　　要：本文采用扫描电子显微镜对7种头足类腕上的吸盘及乌贼的内壳进行观察。结果表明,蛸科(Octopodidae)的短蛸(Octopus ocellatus)、真蛸(O.vulgaris)和长蛸(O.variabilis)腕的吸盘均无齿;乌贼科(Sepiidae)的日本无针乌贼(Sepia japonica)和金乌贼(S.esculenta)的腕和触腕吸盘上的角质环均有齿,且齿的形状不同,虎斑乌贼(S.pharoanis)触腕的吸盘角质环光滑无齿;枪乌贼科(Loliginidae)的中国枪乌贼(Uroteuthis chinensis)腕上吸盘的角质环无齿。对3种乌贼内壳横切面进行扫描电镜观察,乌贼内壳的背表面和腹表面均由文石和铺在上面的球型颗粒构成,但文石的形状和小球的排列存在种间差异,这些差异可以作为头足类分类的辅助特征。In this paper,the surface microstructures of suckers and endoskeletons in seven species of Cephalopods,were observed by the scanning electron microscopy. Three samples from each structure were fixed with 2. 5% pentanediol,and then,the suckers were cut,and endoskeletons were separated into 0. 5 cm ×0. 5 cm small pieces. All small pieces were dehydrated with 30%,70%,95% and 100% alcohol before observation by the scanning electron microscope. Samples were measured and pictures were taken after observation. The results showed that suckers of Octopus ocellatus,O. vulgaris and O. variabilis（ belong to Octopodidae） had no teeth. There were teeth,on the suckers surface in populations of Sepia japonica and S.esculenta（ belong to Sepiidae）,and their suckers had cuticular ring. Teeth structures varied in different species. However,in population of S. pharaonis,the suckers contained smoothy cuticular ring but had no teeth,while in the population of Uroteuthis chinensis,the suckers contained cuticular rings but had no teeth. In these cuttlefishes observed by scanning electron microscopy,all the endoskeletons surfaces（ back and ventral）were composed of aragonite and small spherical particles,but the shape of aragonite and the arrangement of thespheric particles varied in different species. These differences could be used to classify Cephalopods species as auxiliary characters.

关 键 词：头足类 吸盘 内壳 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]