长沙市乡村居民脑卒中危险因素调查及颈动脉粥样硬化斑块影响因素分析  

An investigation of exposure of stroke-related risk factors and influencing factors of carotid atherosclerotic plaque in people in rural areas of Changsha

作　　者：胡珏[1] 黎园[1] 黄思[2] 聂红军[2] 陈柳[3] 蔡彬[3] 潘建华[4] 郭良意 刘祝钦[1] 赵志鸿[5] 

机构地区：[1]湖南长沙市中心医院神经内科,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南长沙市中心医院超声科,湖南长沙410004 [3]湖南长沙市中心医院心内科,湖南长沙410004 [4]湖南长沙市中心医院检验科,湖南长沙410004 [5]湖南省人民医院神经内科,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《中风与神经疾病杂志》2014年第9期819-822,共4页Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases

基　　金：湖南省科技厅资助项目(2013FJ3119)

摘　　要：目的调查长沙市乡村居民脑卒中相关危险因素并分析颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的影响因素。方法通过问卷调查、体格检查、血糖和血脂的检测收集长沙市潭阳村40岁以上的常住居民脑卒中相关危险因素并进行风险评估;对高危人群进行颈动脉彩色超声检查,并分为斑块组和无斑块组;采用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归模型对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块影响因素进行分析。结果长沙市潭阳村居民常见危险因素为血脂异常(45.8%)、吸烟(37.8%)、高血压病(30.9%)、明显超重及肥胖(22.4%)、家族史(11.3%)、缺乏运动(8.7%)、糖尿病(7.0%)。男性吸烟率较女性高(P<0.05);女性血脂异常和高血压患病率较男性高(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示斑块组较对照组年龄更高、糖尿病和高血压病患病率更高(P<0.05)。logistic多元回归分析显示糖尿病、高血压病、年龄是颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的危险因素(OR值分别为2.918、1.643、1.531)。结论长沙市40岁以上乡村居民常见的脑卒中危险因素是高血压病、糖尿病、血脂异常、明显超重及肥胖、吸烟;危险因素暴露率较高且有性别差异;颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成主要与糖尿病、高血压病、年龄有关。Objective To investigate the exposure of stroke-related risk factors as well as the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis plaque and risk factors in people aged 40 and above in rural areas of Changsha. Methods The residents aged 40 and above in Tanyang village of Changsha were studied by using questionnaire,physical examination and detection of plasma glucose and serum lipids. The stroke-related risk factors were investigated and Stroke Risk Score were assessed. People with high stroke risk were underwent carotid color Doppler ultrasound and divided into plaque group and non-plaque group. The relationship between stroke-realated risk factors and carotid atherosclerosis plaque were analyzed with one-factor analysis and logistic regression. Results The common risk factors were dyslipdemia,smoking history,hypertension,overweight and obese,family history of stroke,lack of exercises,diabetes mellitus and the exposure rates were45. 8%,37. 8%,30. 9%,22. 4%,11. 3%,8. 7% and 7. 0% respectively. The exposure rates of dyslipdemia,and hypertension were higher in female than male（ P 〈0. 05） while the exposure rate of smoking history were higher in male than female（ P 〈0. 05）. The results of one-factor analysis of variance demonstrated that the age and the prevalences of diabetes mellitus and hypertentsionin in plaque group were higher than those in non-plaque group（ P 〈0. 05）. The results of logistic regression analysis shown that the age,diabetes mellitus and hypertension were risk factors of carotid atherosclerosisplaque.Conclusion The common stroke-realated risk factors in people aged 40 and above in rural areas of Changsha are hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipdemia,smoking history,overweight and obese. The exposure of stroke-realated risk factors is high and gender difference is discovered. Diabetes mellitus,hypertension and age are main influencing factors of carotid atherosclerotic plaque.

关 键 词：脑卒中 危险因素 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]